摘要
目的调查并分析儿保门诊婴儿早于6月龄前断离母乳的原因和相关影响因素。方法在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院儿保门诊招募健康婴儿,问卷调查婴儿断奶时间和断奶原因,以6月龄前后断奶为界,对早于6月龄断奶的相关因素进行分析。结果共收集有效调查问卷939份,其中,441名(46.96%)婴儿在6月龄前完全断离母乳。在6月龄前停止母乳喂养的婴儿中,38.10%(168/441)在≤1月龄停止母乳喂养,13.38%(59/441)、13.58%(58/441)、11.11%(49/441)、12.93%(57/441)、11.34%(50/441)的婴儿分别在>1～2,>2～3,>3～4,>4～5,>5～6月龄停止母乳喂养。母亲认为母乳不够,不能满足婴儿需要是导致6月龄前断离母乳的首位原因(74.60%,329/441),其他原因依次为母亲必须返回工作(6.58%,29/441)、婴儿吸吮乳头困难(6.12%,27/441)、母亲疾病(5.44%,24/441)、婴儿疾病(5.44%,24/441)、母亲认为可以断奶(0.91%,4/441)、其他原因(0.91%,4/441)。母亲认为母乳不够(OR:22.317,95%CI:15.629～31.867)是6月龄前断离母乳的相关因素,产假时间长(OR:0.493,95%CI:0.35～0.693)是保护因素。结论6月龄前断离母乳与母亲认为母乳不够、产假时间短于6个月相关,建议加强母乳喂养的宣教和指导,提高母亲对母乳喂养的信心,推广生长曲线图的使用,指导喂养,适当延长哺乳母亲产假时间,促进母乳喂养时间延长。
Objective To survey and analyze the relative factors associated with cessation of breastfeeding in the infants younger than 6 months old. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted at the health infants from the outpatient department of child heahhcare in our hospital from June 2008 to May 2009. A modified questionnaire based on Infants and Young Children Information Questionnaire was employed for demographic data and detailed feeding practice, including the time and reasons of breasffeeding cessation. The relative factors for breastfeeding cessation in infants younger than 6 months old were collected and analyzed. Results There were 939 valid questionnaires obtained in this study. Among them, 46.96% （441/939） mothers stopped breastfeeding their infants younger than 6 months. In the breasffeeding cessation before 6 months group, 38. 10% （168/441）, 13. 38% （59/441）, 13. 58% （58/441）, 11. 11% （49/441）, 12. 93% （57/441）, and 11.34% （50/441） infants were stopped breasffeeding at the age of ≤1, 〉 1 to 2, 〉 2 to 3, 〉 3 to 4, 〉 4 to 5, and 〉 5 to 6 months, respectively. ＂Breasffeeding alone did not satisfy infants＇ demand＂ was cited by 74.60% mothers （329/441） who stopped before 6 months. The other reasons of cessation breasffeeding were ＂Mother was lack of time to take care of baby because she need to return to work＂ （6.58% , 29/441 ） , Infant had trouble in sucking or latching on breast（6.12% , 27/441 ）, Mother＇ s illness （5.44% , 24/441）, Infant＇s illness and Hospitalization（5.44% ,24/441 ）, Mother decided it was time to breastfeeding cessation （ 0.91% ,4/441 ） and other reasons （ 0.91% , 4/441 ）. ＂Breastfeeding alone did not satisfy infants＂was a relative factor of cessation of breastfeeding earlier than 6 months （ OR = 22. 317, 95% CI = 15. 629 to 31. 867）. Long time of maternity leave was a protective factor of long-time breastfeeding （ OR = 0. 493, 95% C1 = 0.35 to 0. 693）. Conclusion The relative factors of breastfeeding cessation before 6 months are ＂Breastfeeding alone did not satisfy infants＇ demand＂ and ＂maternity leave shorter than 6 months＂. Strengthening health education of breastfeeding to improve mother＇ s confidence, using growth charts to guide clinical infant feeding, and extending maternity leave properly would promote the duration of breastfeeding.
出处
《第三军医大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第16期1735-1739,共5页
Journal of Third Military Medical University
基金
重庆市卫生局科研项目[渝卫科教(2012-2-088)]~~
关键词
母乳喂养
断奶
影响因素
breastfeeding
cessation of breastfeeding
relative factors
