摘要
为了推广与发展麦后移栽棉种植模式,在大田条件下,研究了工厂化两苗互作育苗麦后机械化移栽棉花的生长发育及产量特点。结果表明:营养钵育苗麦后移栽春棉、工厂化两苗互作育苗麦后移栽春棉和夏棉的子棉产量和霜前子棉产量相当。与麦套移栽春棉相比,麦后移栽棉花的生育进程有所推迟,子棉产量降低4.2%～4.7%,霜前花率降低0.9～1.3个百分点;但与麦后直播夏棉相比,麦后移栽棉花显著增产57.3%～58.2%,霜前花率提高约19个百分点;与麦后直播春棉相比,麦后移栽棉花显著增产62.1%～63.0%,霜前花率提高约20个百分点。此外,棉花麦后移栽,有利于小麦全幅播种和机械收获,且小麦产量比套种田小麦增产25%以上(P<0.05),同时,棉花工厂化两苗互作育苗实现了专业化、商业化和规模化育苗,有利于棉花机械移栽。可见,工厂化两苗互作育苗麦后机械化移栽春棉和夏棉可以取代传统营养钵育苗麦后移栽。
In order to promote popularization and development of cotton transplanting after winter wheat harvest,characteristics of growth development and yield of cotton using the technique of factory mutual aid seedling raising of two crops and machinery transplanting after winter wheat harvest were studied under field condition.The results indicated that the yield and the pre-frost yield of seed cotton of the spring cotton using nutritional bowl seedling raising and transplanting after wheat harvest,were almost the same with those of the spring cotton and the summer cotton using the technique of factory mutual aid seedling raising with wheat in same holes and machinery transplanting after wheat harvest.As the aforementioned treatments compared with the treatment of spring cotton interplanting in wheat field,the growth process was somewhat delayed.Its seed cotton yield decreased by 4.2%-4.7%,and its rate of cotton yield before frost reduced by 0.9-1.3 percent points.Compared with the treatment of sowing the summer cotton after wheat harvest,the seed cotton yield and the rate of cotton yield before frost increased by 57.3%-58.2% and 19 percent points,respectively.Last,compared with the treatment of sowing the spring cotton after wheat harvest,the seed cotton yield and the rate of cotton yield before frost increased by 62.1%-63.0% and 20 percent points.Moreover,the cotton transplanting after wheat harvest favored wheat full sowing and the mechanization of the wheat harvest,which increased the wheat yield by more than 25% compared with the wheat interplanting.The technique of the factory mutual aid seedling raising of cotton with wheat in same holes has realized specialization,commercia-lization and scale business,which improves the cotton machine transplanting.The machinery transplanting of factory mutual aid cotton seedlings after winter wheat harvest can replace the cotton transplanting of traditional nutritional bowl cotton seedlings after winter wheat harvest.
出处
《河南农业科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期51-54,共4页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家农业科技成果转化基金项目(2009GB2D000214)
关键词
棉花
互作育苗
麦后机械化移栽
生长发育
产量
cotton
mutual aid seedling raising
machinery transplanting after winter wheat harvest
growth and development
yield
