摘要
运行速度提高后,列车对轮轨激扰的敏感性增强,轮轨激扰频率范围进一步增大,深入研究高速动车组振动及传递规律对全面认识车辆系统振动特性具有重要意义。在车辆上布置加速度和空气压力传感器,获得了武广客运专线高速动车组车辆轴箱、构架以及车体振动加速度和隧道通过车体表面气压变化,给出振动加速度功率谱密度计算方法;对照列车运行速度图,分析典型工况如高速直线、低速直线、道岔通过以及气动压力等工况下,列车系统关键部件振动加速度峰值、幅值、主振频率以及振动频率变化、能量衰减和传递规律;在引入加速度谱的基础上,给出了测试里程内系统振动频次和振动幅值之间对应关系。研究结果表明,与列车运行速度和车轮半径对应的轮轴转动频率在轮对、构架和车体振动中均有明显体现;列车运行速度越高系统振动加速度峰值越大,道岔通过可激起车辆系统振动幅值更大的振动,隧道通过气压变化对车体振动有明显影响;高速列车轮轴系统主振频率一般为400～600 Hz,构架为0～50 Hz、车体主要为0～2 Hz;从轮轴、构架到车体这一振动传递过程中,车辆系统加速度谱密度和幅值一般呈两个和一个数量级衰减趋势。
When the operation velocity of the high-speed electric multiple unit（EMU） rises to 300 km/h and more,not only the sensitivity of the wheel/rail contact improves,but also the vibration frequency domain of the vehicle system dynamics increases.Therefore,it is important to investigate the vibration characteristics and the dynamics frequency transference from the wheel/rail interface to the carbody of the high-speed EMU.Accelerometers are assembled on the wheelset boxes,bogieframes and carbodies to test the vibration of the vehicle system and air pressure sensors are fixed on the carbody surface to get the air pressure variation when the train passed through tunnels.Based on a field test results implemented on Wuhan-Guangzhou high speed railway,the vibrating accelerations of the axleboxes,bogieframes and carbodies of the EMU on three directions are obtained.Fast Frourier transform（FFT） method is introduced to investigate the vibration frequency and power transference of the sampled data of the EMU running on the typical section including high and low speed division,turnout zone and tunnel passing according to the operation speed chart.The acceleration spectrum is then applied to survey the relationship between the amplitude level and the number of occurrence of the accelerations.The results show that the rotation frequency of the wheelset corresponding to the operation speed and the radius of the wheelset can be found in the frequency domain of the vibration of the wheelset,bogieframe and carbody.Generally,the higher the operation speed is,the larger the amplitude of the accelerations.Intensive vibration occurs when the train passes through the turnout.The aerodynamics has effect on the vibration of the carbody.The main frequency domain of the axlebox,bogieframe and carbody are 400-600 Hz,0-50 Hz and 0-2 Hz,respectively.The spectrum power density and amplitude of the acceleration of the axlebox is decreased by 1 percent and 10 percent approximately from the axlebox to carbody because of the two suspension system of the railway vehicle.
出处
《机械工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第16期1-7,共7页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(51175032
U1134201)
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划
2011CD711104)资助项目
关键词
高速动车组
振动加速度
频域
频率传递
幅值
High-speed electric multiple unit Vibration acceleration Frequency domain Power transference Amplitude
