摘要
在城市森林及其他生态景观的研究与规划中,结合特定物种(使用者)行为的景观连接度已得到业界越来越多的重视。为了给基于物种行为的景观连接度提供新的建模和分析理念,拟将建筑及城市规划学科中一种可靠的人工智能语言通过反规划思想引入景观生态学领域,通过模拟演绎展示空间句法在研究中的优越性。鉴于鸟类边缘种的栖息地景观构型特点,将空间句法轴线图借用于基于鸟类边缘种行为的景观连接度研究。首先介绍了传统景观连接度的量化方法及物种迁移模型,通过文献综述归纳出此类研究方法的局限性;接着,由反规划启蒙提出将空间句法模型引入"边缘种-栖息地"互动研究的设想;最后,以贺州城市森林规划为例,利用空间句法轴线图探究基于鸟类边缘种行为的景观连接度。模拟实验旨在展示轴线图模型能反映物种对不同景观元素非等权重的选择行为,并可根据物种邻域感知信息预测其复合尺度的行为。
To mitigate the biodiversity crisis and human-land conflicts during rapid urbanization,the construction of ＂urban forests＂ and other ecological landscape has been adopted as a common approach for decades,which emphasizes their role of urban green space as species habitat or recreation sites in densely-populated regions.In the research and planning of urban forests and other ecological landscapes,the landscape connectivity associated with the behaviors of certain species（users） has increasingly attracted attentions.However,there are still many problems unsolved in terms of the modeling and the analysis of behavior-integrating landscape structure,as well as the meaningful ways to parameterize the real ＂landscape connectivity＂.Based on the blueprint-background transposition idea of negative planning,this paper aims to introduce a new approach to the modeling and the analysis of functional landscape connectivity. Space syntax,a widely accepted principle in the field of architecture and urban planning,has the potentials to facilitate the development of new models on the landscape connectivity integrated with species behaviors.Driven by the theory of space syntax on current stage,this paper introduced the language of artificial intelligence into landscape ecology research,based on the hypothesis that the principle of space syntax still works after replacing the study objects in human settlement with those in ecological landscape.A case study was used to demonstrate the advantages of this new method of studying landscape connectivity. In view of the similarity in spatial configuration between the landscapes inhabited by avian edge species and the objects of axial map study,we used the axial map approach of space syntax to study the landscape connectivity based on the behaviors of avian edge species.Firstly,this paper introduced the traditional connectivity quantification methods and species migration models,summarized their limitations based on literature review,and identified the need of improvements on the individual based models to reflect weighted choice among landscape elements and to predict the messages of interaction between species and landscape in upper scale.Secondly,we put forward the idea of introducing the space syntax model into the field of ＂edge species-habitat＂ in landscape ecological research,inspired by the idea of negative planning.Finally,as a case study,we applied the axial map approach of space syntax in the planning research of urban forests in Hezhou city,made a primary test on the ＂free space＂ of landscape inhabited by avian edge species and drew the conclusion on the index of integration and intelligibility accordingly.Simulation results were to demonstrate that the model of axial map in the field of behavior-integrating landscape connectivity could reflect the species′ migration choice among differently-shaped landscape elements,which has different weights in direction and distance,and could predict the multi-scale behaviors of the species based on the messages they perceived in vicinity.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第16期5035-5046,共12页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
关键词
空间句法
轴线图
图底转换
行为生态学
鸟类迁移行为
space syntax
axial map approach
blueprint-background transposition
behavioral ecology
avian migration behavior
