摘要
目的了解内蒙古乌兰察布市布鲁杆菌病（布病）发病情况，为制定防治措施提供依据。方法2010年11-12月，按照《内蒙古自治区人间布鲁氏菌病基线调查方案》中的要求，采取分层整群等量抽样调查方法，在全市的11个旗（市、县、区）按布病病情各抽取轻、中、重3个乡镇（苏木），每个乡镇（苏木）抽取3个村或嘎查，每个乡镇（苏木）至少调查200人，年龄≥10岁，每个旗（市、县、区）至少调查600人。对被调查者进行健康教育问卷调查和临床诊断。问卷调查包括对布病基本知识、布病危险因素、布病防治常识的了解。临床诊断确诊是否是疑似病例。根据知情同意的原则，采集被调查者静脉血，初筛用虎红平板试验，确诊用标准试管凝集试验，抗体滴度1：100（＋＋）及以上为阳性，统计布病感染率。参照2010年乌兰察布市布病33个乡镇（苏木）的网报结果，统计患病率、漏报率以及不同年龄、性别、职业的发病率。结果共下发调查问卷6998份，有效卷数6763份。布病基本知识知晓率为57．99％（15687／27052），布病危险因素知晓率为44．33％（29978／67630），布病防治常识知晓率为41．66％（28176／67630），总知晓率为45．49％（73841／162312）。血清学检查阳性591人，感染率为8．48％（591／69972）。确诊布病患者903例，患病率为105．13／万（903／85894）；33个乡镇（苏木）网报新发病例数／年为785例，发病率／年为91．39／万（785／85894）：漏报病例数／年为377例，漏报率／年为48．03％（377／785）。男性感染率为71．07％（420／3755）。女性感染率为28．93％（171／3217），31岁以上感染率（97．63％，577／591）明显高于30岁以下（2.37％，14／591）。养殖业感染率为8．61％（582／669），畜产品加工业感染率为2．91％（2／103），畜产品流通业感染率为2．85％（2／70），其他行业感染率为4．59％（5／109）。结论乌兰察布市布病发病率较高，漏报率较高，养殖业感染率高，青壮年发病多，男性发病多，布病防治知识知晓率低。应有针对性地开展健康教育宣传，提高病区居民自我保护意识，降低布病的发生。
Objective To understand the morbidity of human brucellosis in Wulanchabu City of Inner Mongolia in order to provide a basis for development of prevention and control measures. Methods According to the requirements in ＂Baseline Survey Programme of Human Brucellosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region＂ between November and December in 2010, stratified cluster sampling method was used to selected three townships according to the conditions of brucellosis （mild, moderate and serious） in 11 flags （cities, counties, districts） of the city. Three villages were extracted from each township. There were at least 200 persons aged 10 and older were investigated in every township. At least 600 people were investigated in every flag（city, county, district）. Respondents were investigated about their awareness rate of basic knowledge about brucellosis, risk factors and common sense of prevention and treatment of the disease by using health education questionnaire. Based on the principle of informed consent, we collected respondents venous blood for preliminary screening using Hu red tablets. Brucellosis was confirmed with standard tube agglutination test and positive result was confirmed if 1 ： 100 antibody concentration was two ＋ or more. Prevalence, false negative rate as well as different age, gender, occupational incidence was calculated based on the network reported results of brucellosis in 33 townships of Wulanchabu in 2010. Results We distributed 6998 questionnaires and 6763 questionnaires were effective. The witting rate of basic knowledge about brucellosis was 57.99%（15 687/27 052）; the witting rate of risk factors about brucellosis was 44.33% （29 978/67 630）; the witting rate for prevention and control of brucellosis was 41.66% （28 176/67 630）, and total witting rate was 45.49%（73 841/162 312）. The morbidity of brucellosis in Wulanchabu City was 91.39/10 000 （785/85 894） in 2010. Five hundred and ninety-one were serologically positive and the infection rate was 8.48% （591/69 972）. Nine hundred and three cases of patients were diagnosed with brucellosis and the prevalence rate of brucellosis was 105.13/10 000 （903/85 894）. Missing report 377 cases, and the false negative rate was 48.03% （377/785） in 2010. Men infection rate was 71.07% （420/3755） and women infection rate was 28.93% （ 171/3217 ）. The infection rate [ 97.63% （577/591 ） ] of people aged 31 and older was significantly higher than that [ 2.37% （ 14/ 591 ）] of the people aged 30 and younger. Infection rate of people engaged in aquaculture was 8.61% （582/669）. The infection rate of people working in livestock processing industry was 2.91% （2/103）. The infection rate of people working in animal by-product circulation was 2.85% （2/70）. The Infection rate of people working in other industries was 4.59%（5/109）. Conclusions In Wulanchabu City, the morbidity of brucellosis and missing report rate are both high. The infection rate of people engaged in aquaculture is high and man morbidity is high. The awareness rate about prevention and treatment knowledge of brucellosis is low. We should carry out health education to inhabitants in endemic areas to improve their self-protection awareness and reduce the incidence of brucellosis.
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期504-507,共4页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
卫生部布鲁菌病防治项目（2010）
关键词
布鲁杆菌病
流行病学
患病率
漏报率
Brucellosis
Epidemiology
Morbidity
Missing report rate
