摘要
目的了解山西省忻州市群众对碘缺乏病和饮水型地方性氟中毒的认识，促进群众主动参与防治，实现地方病健康教育的可持续发展。方法2011年，在山西省忻州市，选择宁武县、保德县、岢岚县和静乐县开展碘缺乏病健康教育项目，选择五台县、忻府区和繁峙县开展饮水型地方性氟中毒健康教育项目。在项目开始和结束时，每县抽取3个乡，每个乡抽取1所小学校，每所小学抽取5年级30名学生，在每所学校所在地抽取15名家庭主妇，进行地方病健康教育问卷基线调查和效果评价。结果①基线调查：共对366名5年级小学生和183名家庭主妇进行碘缺乏病知晓情况调查，知晓率分别为77．41％（850／1098）、80．33％（441／549）；共对270名5年级小学生和138名家庭主妇进行饮水型地方性氟中毒知晓情况调查，知晓率分别为80．74％（654／810）、81．40％（337／414）；②效果评价：共对366名5年级小学生和181名家庭主妇进行碘缺乏病知晓情况调查，知晓率分别为91．62％（1006／1098）、92．45％（502／543），与基线调查相比，知晓率有显著提高（X^2值分别为84．69、34．04，P均〈0．01）；共对270名5年级小学生和138名家庭主妇进行饮水型地方性氟中毒知晓情况调查，知晓率分别为93．95％（761／810）、93．48％（387／414），与基线调查相比，知晓率有显著提高（X^2值分别为63．94、27．47，P均〈0．01）。结论经过地方病健康教育的实施，有效促进了五年级学生及家庭主妇自我防病意识，提高了防治地方病知识的知晓率，为控制和消除地方病奠定了意识基础。
Objective To find out whether people in Xinzhou Shanxi know the hazard of both iodine deficiency disorders and drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis, in Xinzhou Shanxi and to promote people actively participate in prevention of the diseases and to achieve a sustainable development of health education in endemic diseases. Methods Ningwu, Baode, Kelan and Jingle Counties were selected to carry out the health education program of iodine deficiency disorders and Wutai, Xinfu and Fanshi counties were selected to carry out the health education project of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis in Xinzhou City Shanxi Province in 2011. To carry out the base line questionnaire survey, in the beginning and at the end of the project, three townships from each county were chosen, and one primary school was selected from each chosen township, 15 housewives were selected from each chosen township and 30 fifth grade students were selected from each primary school. Results ① The baseline survey： a total of 366 pupils of grade 5 and 183 housewives were investigated, and the awareness rate of iodine deficiency disorders was 77.41%（850/1098） and 80.33%（441/549）, respectively; a total of 270 pupils of grade 5 and 138 housewives were investigated, and the awareness rate of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis was 80.74% （654/810） and 81.40% （337/414）, respectively; ② The effect evaluation： a total of 366 pupils of grade 5 and 181 housewives were investigated, and the awareness rates of iodine deficiency disorders were 91.62% （1006/1098） and 92.45% （502/543）, which were compared with that of baseline investigation, and the awareness rates were improved significantly （X2 = 84.69, 34.04, all P 〈 0.01 ）; a total of 270 pupils of grade 5 and 138 housewives were investigated, awareness rates of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis were 93.95%（761/810） and 93.48% （387/414）, which were compared with that of baseline survey, and the awareness rates were improved significantly （X^2 = 63.94, 27.47, all P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions After implementation of health education project on endemic diseases, the self-protection awareness of the fifth grade students and housewives is promoted effectively, awareness of prevention knowledge on endemic diseases is raised, which lays a foundation for controlling and eliminating the endemic diseases.
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期580-583,共4页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
关键词
地方病
健康教育
健康促进
结果评价
Endemic diseases
Health Education
Health promotion
Outcome assessment
