摘要
目的了解外科病区院内感染及社区感染现患率情况,分析影响因素,为医院感染医院感染管理提供科学依据。方法采用病历调查和床旁调查相结合的方法,统一填写调查表,并对资料进行统计分析。结果应调查住院患者402例,实查399例,实查率99.25%;发生医院感染17例,现患率为4.26%,社区感染10例,现患率为2.51%;医院感染现患率发生较高的科室为烧伤整形科占11.84%,普通心胸外科占8.82%,骨一区占3.20%;社区感染现患率较高的科室为肝胆泌尿外科占12.50%,骨一区占3.17%,普通心胸外科占2.94%;医院感染以烧伤创面感染为首位,占11.84%,社区感染以下呼吸道感染为主,占40.00%;医院感染病原体以铜绿假单胞菌居首位,占30.77%,抗菌药物使用率为41.85%,其中治疗用药34例,占20.36%;治疗+预防用药18例,占10.79%;预防用药115例,占68.86%;一联144例,占86.23%;二联22例,占13.17%;三联1例,占0.60%。结论通过外科病区现患率调查,为制定切实可行的感染控制措施提供依据,有效降低医院感染的发生。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections and community-acquired infections in surgical wards and analyze influencing factors so as to provide scientific basis for control of nosoeomial infections. METHODS By means of bedside investigation combined with review of medical records, the unified questionnaire was filled out, then the clinical data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS Totally 402 hospitalized patients were expected to be investigated, 399 cases were actually investigated with the actual investigation rate of 99. 25%; there were 17 cases with nosocomial infections with the prevalence rate of 4. 26% and 10 cases with community-acquired infections with the prevalence rate of 2.51%. The incidence of nosocomial infections was the highest in the department of burns and plastic surgery （11.84%）, department of ordinary cardiothoracic surgery 8. 82%, bone ward 3.20% ; the incidence of the community-acquired infections was in the department of hepatobiliary and urology surgery 12.50%, hone ward 3.17 %, department of general cardiothoracic surgery 2.94%. Among the cases with nosocomial infections, the patients with burn wound infections ranked the first place, accounting for 11.84 % ; the patients with respiratory tract infections were dominant among the cases with community-acquired infections,accounting for 4.0.00%. Of the pathogens causing the nosocomial infections, the Pseudomonas aeruginosa ranked the first place, accounting for 30. 770//00. The utilization rate of antibiotics was 41.85 %, there were 34 （20.36 %） cases with therapeutic medication, 18 （10.79 %） cases with treatment plus prophylaxis medication,and 115 （68. 86%） cases with prophylaxis medicationl there were 144（86.23%） cases of one-drug medication, 22 （13.17%） cases of two-drug medication, and 1 （0. 60%） case with three-drug medication. CONCLUSION The investigation of prevalence of the surgical wards can provide basis for formulating feasible infection control measures so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections effectively.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第18期4415-4417,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
莆田市科技计划项目(2010S093)
关键词
医院感染
社区感染
现患率
Nosocomial infection
Community-acquired infection
Prevalence rate
