摘要
目的了解导尿管伴随性尿路感染(CAUTI)的病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床医师合理使用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析2008年1月-2011年12月留置导尿管患者尿液的细菌学培养情况。结果 1058例留置导尿管的患者中发生CAUTI的为371例,感染率为35.1%;共检出病原菌426株,以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占54.2%,大肠埃希菌居所有病原菌的首位,占30.1%;革兰阴性杆菌对常用抗菌药物耐药率普遍较高,但对亚胺培南、美罗培南、阿米卡星仍保持敏感;革兰阳性球菌对青霉素、大环内酯类抗菌药物呈高度耐药,对呋喃妥因的耐药率较低;未发现耐万古霉素葡萄球菌或肠球菌。结论 CAUTI是最常见的医院感染之一,其病原菌呈现多样性且耐药性较高,加强对CAUTI病原菌的耐药监测,对指导临床合理使用抗菌药物具有重要意义。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing catheterassociated urinary tract infections （CAUTI） so as to provide scientific basis for reasonable use of antibiotics. METHODS The bacteriological culture of urine was performed for the catheter indwelling patients from Jan 2008 to Dec 2011, and the result was retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Of totally 1058 cases of catheter indwelling pa- tients investigated, the CAUTI occurred in 371 patients with the infection rate of 35.1%. A total of 426 strains of pathogens were isolated, among which the gram-negative bacilii were dominant, accounting for 54.2 %; the Escherichia coil ranked the first place, accounting for 30.1 %. The gram-negative bacilli were highly resistant to the commonly used antibiotics and remained high sensitivity against imipenent, meropenem, and amikacin; the grampositive cocci were highly resistant to penicillin and macrolides, the drug resistance rate to nitrofurantoin was relatively low; no strains of Staphylococcus or Enterococcus resistant to vancomycin was detected. CONCLUSION The CAUTI is one of the most common nosocomial infections, the pathogenic bacteria are characterized by diversity and high drug resistance. It is of great significance to the reasonable use of antibiotics to strengthen the monitoring of drug resistance of pathogens causing CAUTI.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第18期4563-4565,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
浙江省金华市科技重点项目(2013KYA220)
关键词
留置导尿管
尿路感染
病原菌
耐药性
Indwelling catheter
Urinary tract infection
Pathogen
Antibiotic resistance
