摘要
目的分析汉中市汉台区2009—2012年狂犬病发病流行情况,为防治提供科学依据。方法利用2009—2012年狂犬病疫情报告、个案调查和相关资料,分析三间分布资料、疫苗使用情况和流行因素。结果汉台区2009—2012狂犬病发病统计数为35例,死亡35例,年均发病率为0.46/10万,病死率为100%。男女患者分别为28和7人,性别比为4∶1;年龄最小16岁,最大69岁,年龄以40～60岁为发病高峰,共27例,是总数的77.1%;职业以农民为主,共29例,占总数的82.9%。夏秋季发病多,共26例,占总数的74.3%。未接种疫苗共29例,占总数的82.9%,未接种免疫制剂的共31例,占总数的88.6%。发病情况与国内相邻地貌区域的发病率相近,高于全省,接近全市水平,总体控制基本稳定,地区分布以农村城乡接合部为主。结论疫苗接种率低,群众自我防患意识低是导致狂犬病发病的主要因素。
[ Objective ] To analyze the epidemic situation of rabies in Hantai District of Hanzhong City from 2009-2012, provide sci- entific basis for prevention and control. [ Methods ] Using the epidemic report, case investigation and related data of rabies from 2009-2012, the distribution status, use of vaccines and epidemic factors were analyzed. [ Results] There were 35 cases of rabies in Hantai District from 2009-2012, all patients died, the average annual incidence rate was 0.46/lakh, and the fatality rate was 100%. There were 28 male patients and 7 female patients, with the sex ratio of 4 ： 1. The youngest and oldest patient was 16 years old and 69 years old respectively. 27 cases were people aged 40- 60 years old, accounting for 77.1% of total cases. 29 cases were farmers, which accounted for 82.9% of total cases. 26 cases occurred in summer and autumn, accounting for 74.3% of total ca- ses. 29 （ 82.9% ） cases had not been given vaccine, and 31 （ 88.6% ） cases had not been treated with immune agents. The inci- dence rate in Hantai District was similar to that in adjacent areas, which was higher than that in Shaanxi Province and close to the average level in Hanzhong City. The epidemic status was controlled basically, and the regional distribution was dominated by rural- urban fringe. [ Conclusion] The coverage rate of vaccination is lowg and poor self-protection awareness is the main factor leading to the rabies.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2013年第19期2526-2528,共3页
Occupation and Health
关键词
狂犬病
流行病学
发病率
预防与控制
Rabies
Epidemiology
Incidence rate
Prevention and control
