摘要
为揭示黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带沟壑地形的降雨反应特性,选取该区具有典型水文及气象特征的六道沟流域作为研究区域,基于对所选沟道的沟顶及沟底2005-2009年雨季同期观测降雨数据(38次集中降雨事件)的分析,揭示沟壑地形对降雨反应的特性;通过对典型降雨-径流事件的分析,分别推求长历时低强度降雨以及短历时高强度降雨条件下降雨强度与产流的关系。结果表明:沟顶单次降雨事件的降雨量,3,5,10min最大雨强及平均雨强均是沟底对应值的1.3倍以上;沟顶单次降雨事件降雨量的3,5,10min雨强各序列标准差均大于沟底对应序列的值;沟顶与沟底的降雨量序列,各时间间隔的最大、平均雨强序列均存在着较高的正相关性,相关系数在0.9以上;表层土壤在饱和及不饱和条件下,产流的必要条件分别是5min平均降雨强度达到0.12,0.52mm/min。
The objectives of this study were to explore the responsive characteristics of rainfall of gully landform in wind-water erosion crisscross region on the northern Loess Plateau.The Liudaogou catchment which had the representative hydrological and meteorological characteristics in the wind-water erosion crisscross region was chosen as the study location.Rainfall observation was carried out for the period from 2005to 2009.The 38rainfall events which occurred in rainy season were adopted for analysis.The relationships between rain intensity and runoff generation were estimated through analyzing the representative rainfallrunoff events for the long-duration and low-intensity rainfall events and the short-duration and high-intensity rainfall events,respectively.The results indicated that the rainfall amount of each rainfall event,the maximum rain intensity and mean rain intensity of 3,5,10min of the gully-top were higher than 1.3times of that of the gully-bottom.The root-mean-square deviation for each series such as rainfall amount of each rainfall event,the maximum rain intensity and mean rain intensity for 3,5,10min at the gully-top was more than that of the gully-bottom.Whereas there was relative high positive correlation between each corresponding series such as rainfall amount,the maximum rain intensity and mean rain intensity for 3,5,10min between the gully-top and gully-bottom,and the correlation coefficient of each series was more than 0.9.The necessary conditions for runoff generation under the saturated and unsaturated topsoil were the average rain intensity of 5min attained to 0.12mm/min and 0.52mm/min,respectively.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期142-147,共6页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41271046)
黑龙江省教育厅海外学人项目(1251H017)
关键词
黄土高原
六道沟流域
沟壑地形
降雨特性
产流条件
Loess Plateau
Liudaogou catchment
gully landform
rainfall characteristics
runoff generation condition
