摘要
受火山活动干扰,长白山各坡向植被演替进程表现出较大差异,东坡植被演替处于早期阶段;而北坡出现岳桦(Betula ermanii Charm.)上侵现象;南坡植被演替处于二者之间。经过多年野外调查对比分析,首次提出长白山西坡苔原带出现小叶章(Deyeuxia.angustifolia(Kom.)Y.L.Chang)侵入苔原的现象。调查显示小叶章呈现从低海拔处向高海拔逐渐侵入的趋势,威胁牛皮杜鹃(Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall.)及笃斯越橘(Vaccinium uliginosum Linn.)等苔原带植物的生存,并导致苔原带景观变化。在调查长白山西坡小叶章侵入苔原带的基础上,根据苔原带的环境变化设计了小叶章移栽与增温实验、小叶章种子着床实验。实证了小叶章上侵是火山喷发后植被演替的一个特殊阶段,并提出长白山苔原带西坡小叶章上侵代表了岳桦林带上移的理论。
The tundra of Changbai Mountain is the typical temperate Alpine tundra. Due to the volcanic interfer- ence,＇~the plant successions of the four slopes were different. In eastern slope, it is at the early stage. While, there is Betula ermanii invasion to tundra zone in northern slope. And plant succession in the south slope is between them. On the basis of plant community investigation, the paper introduced the phenomenon of Deyeuxia. angustifo- lia invasion to tundra zone. There is a gradually invasive trend of D. angustifolia into tundra zone. The Alpine tun- we carried out the experiments of transplant, temperature enhancement and seed germination. The results showed that the effect of simulated climate warming on the growth of D. angustifolia was negative. And seeds of D. angusti- folia could not germinated in tundra plant community. Contrarily, it could germinate in bare soil based on volcanic ash. Finally, we draw a conclusion that the invasion of D. angustifolia was the special stage of the plant succession after the volcano eruption, which represented the invasion of Betula ermanii zone.
出处
《山地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期448-455,共8页
Mountain Research
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41171038&41171072)~~
关键词
长白山
苔原带
小叶章
火山干扰
植物演替
ChangbaiMountain
Alpine tundra
Deyeuxia. angustifolia
volcanic disturbance
plant succession
