摘要
通过室内试验测定长枝木霉分生孢子悬浮液对小麦禾谷胞囊线虫胞囊的寄生和致死作用．结果表明：不同浓度（1．5×10’～1．5X10’cfu·mL“）长枝木霉分生孢子悬浮液对小麦禾谷胞囊线虫胞囊具有明显的寄生和致死作用，并且不同浓度的长枝木霉分生孢子悬浮液之间存在显著差异．第18天浓度为1．5X10’efu·mL“的长枝木霉分生孢子悬浮液对胞囊的寄生率为96．7％，第22天对胞囊孵化的相对抑制率为91．2％．显微观察表明，侵染初期长枝木霉分生孢子附着在胞囊体表，并且萌发产生大量的菌丝寄生于胞囊体表，使胞囊胚胎发育停止和内容物凝集，甚至有的胞囊出现畸形和表面形成深褐色的小液泡．侵染后期大量菌丝穿透胞囊体表，胞囊破裂，内容物外渗，有的胞囊体表菌丝形成分生孢子梗，其上着生卵圆形的分生孢子．表明长枝木霉可作为一种高效的生防制剂防治小麦禾谷胞囊线虫的发生与危害．
A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the parasitic and lethal effects of Tri- choderma longibrachiatum eonidia suspension on Heterodera avenae cysts. Different concentrations （ 1.5x105-1.5~107 cfu ~ mL-1 ） of T. longibrachiatum conidia suspension had strong parasitic and lethal effects on H. avenae cysts, and the effects differed significantly among the different concen- trations. When treated with the T. longibrachiatum conidia suspension at a concentration of 1.5~107 cfu ~ mL-1 , 96.7% of the H. avenae cysts were parasitized by the conidia at the 18th day, and the hatching rate of the cysts was inhibited by 91.2% at the 22nd day. The microscopic observation showed that at the initial parasitic stage, T. longibrachiatum conidia suspension adhered or parasitized on the cyst surface, germinated a large number of hyphae, and grew on the cyst sur- face, making the development of cyst embryo stopped and the contents in cysts flocculated, and even, some cysts started to deform, and small dark brown vacuoles formed on the cyst surface. At the later parasitic stage, the cysts were penetrated by dense mycelium, cysts were broken, their contents exosmosed, and the myeelium on the integument of some cysts produced conidiophores, on which, conidium were adhered or parasitized. It was considered that T. longibrachiatum could be used as a potential high-efficient bioagent to control the occurrence and damage of H. avenae.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第10期2955-2960,共6页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
草业生态系统教育部省部共建重点实验室项目(CY-GG-2006-013)
甘肃省农牧厅生物技术专项(GNSW-2009-04)
甘肃省教育厅项目(04203)资助
关键词
长枝木霉
小麦禾谷胞囊线虫
寄生和致死作用
Trichoderma longibrachiatum
I-leterodera avenae
parasitic and lethal effects.
