摘要
碳捕集与封存(Carbon Capture and Storage,CCS)作为最有前景可有效深度减排的低碳技术之一,在世界范围内受到广泛推行,特别是欧洲,其作为全球CCS技术的先行者,一直在积极推进该项技术工业化进程。2009年,欧盟委员会(European Commission,EC)启动欧洲能源复兴计划(European Energy Programme for Recovery,EEPR),正式批准资助6个全流程CCS示范项目。这6个CCS示范项目囊括了当前所有可行的CO2工业捕集技术,运输方式以及封存方法,本文将对其基本情况和最近进展进行介绍,并重点对欧盟层面的CCS法律法规与此6个项目所在欧盟成员国的CCS技术与政策环境的交互影响进行比对和分析,以进一步系统评述欧洲能源复兴计划CCS示范项目带来的积极成果,包括达成减排目标和气候政策,建立欧洲CCS示范项目网络共享平台,获得CCS技术研发突破等,同时也详细列举了这些项目目前所面临的阻碍与困境,如相关法律政策缺乏执行力,融资困难,公众接受度低,技术成本高等。最后,试探讨欧盟能源复兴计划CCS全流程示范项目实施发展现状对我国未来CCS商业化走向的思索与启示。
Carbon capture and storage （CCS） as one of the most promising low-carbon technologies to curb greenhouse gas emissions has been widely implemented in the whole world;especially Europe,which is the pioneer of the Global CCS technology,has actively promoted its CCS industrialization process.In 2009,the European Commission （EC） launched European Energy Programme for Recovery （EEPR）,and approved to grant six full scale CCS demonstration projects.These 6 CCS demonstration projects encompass all possible carbon dioxide industrial capture technologies,modes of transportation as well as storage methodologies.Their basic situation and latest progresses are described in this paper,and then the context focuses on the comparison with CCS policies on EU level and the specific EU member states （which are running the EEPR CCS projects） level,and the in-depth and systematical analysis are addressed on their mutual influences.In addition,the positive elements brought by EEPR CCS demonstration projects are elucidated,including achieving emission reduction target and climate policy,the establishment of the European CCS demonstration project network platform,implementation of the CCS technology R ＆ D breakthrough,etc.Also,the obstacles and dilemmas facing these projects are listed,such as the lack of execution for the relevant laws and policies,financing difficulties,low public acceptance,high technology cost.Finally,some thoughts and inspirations regarding the future direction of China＇ s CCS commercialization according to the current status of the EU CCS demonstration projects are put forward.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第10期81-86,共6页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
科技部国家科技支撑计划(编号:2012BAC24B05)
中科院百人计划
