摘要
我国农村人口多,生活用水总量大,农村用水在时间和空间上存在显著的差异和复杂性。对我国农村居民生活用水的特征和规律进行研究,是对农村用水和污水治理进行科学规划与管理的重要基础。基于全国农村居民用水抽样调查,将影响农村居民生活用水的因素分为家庭状况、经济水平、基础设施、生活习惯等4大类、8个具体指标,利用灰色系统理论与方法,对农村居民生活用水与影响因素进行了灰关联分析。结果表明:人均住房面积、家庭人均收入和家庭洗浴习惯是影响农村居民生活用水量的3个最主要的因子,在制定农村水资源和用水、污水治理规划时,应该结合区域发展情景,充分考虑和科学预测这些因素对农村用水和排水的影响;同时,也可以看出,推行居住地节水工程、加大加强节水意识宣传、培养优良节水习惯和改进农村用水基础设施对提高农村生活用水效率、缓解水资源矛盾具有重要意义。
Due to a huge rural population and the large amount of domestic water usage,there is evident difference in time and space at water usage of rural areas.The paper studied the characters of rural domestic water usage and its principle,witch is the important foundation of science plan and management for rural water usage and sewage treatment.Based on the spot check on the national rural domestic water usage,it chose four influence factors such as family status,levels of economic development,infrastructure and lifestyle,and eight specific influence indexes in total,and use gray system to analyze the rural domestic water usage and its influence factors.The results showed that the average living space and income per capita,bathing style are the most important factors influencing the rural residential water usage.While developing plans for water usage and sewage treatment,these factors witch affect water usage and sewage treatment should be fully considered and reasonably predicted,and combined scenario of regional development.Meantime,to implement the residence water-saving projects,strengthen publicity of water-saving,cultivate water-saving habits and improve the infrastructure of rural water usage have important significance for enhancing the benefit of rural water usage and reducing the contradiction of water resources in rural areas.
出处
《水资源与水工程学报》
2013年第5期50-53,58,共5页
Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项课题(2011ZX07301-003-09)
城市与区域生态国家重点实验室自主项目课题(SKLURE2008-1-02)
关键词
农村居民
生活用水
影响因素
灰色关联分析
rural resident
domestic water usage
influence factor
gray relational analysis
