摘要
近年来随着道路交通和航运事业的发展,桥梁日益增多,船舶吨位日益增大,船舶航速也越来越快,这将给桥梁的安全带来新的问题,因此桥墩防船舶撞击问题的研究具有明确的应用背景和实际意义。目前中、美、欧洲等国的设计规范均对桥墩防撞设计做出了相关规定,然而分析发现:各国规范仍大都采用简单的静力设计法,没有反映出船桥碰撞的冲击动力本质;近年来,船桥碰撞有限元分析技术在重大桥梁工程船撞设计专题研究中得到了越来越多的应用,但工程师使用则极为困难,很难推广至一般桥梁设计。鉴于此,从桥墩自身结构和桥墩防护结构两个方面对桥墩防船舶撞击研究进行了评述,指出了目前存在的主要问题并提出了相应的建议,并提出了船桥碰撞冲击动力学理论研究的三个设计因子以及相应设计流程。
Along with the growth in road traffic and marine shipping industry, the amount,capacity and velocity of ships, bridges as traffic hinges are facing with a new serious risk, namely the ship collision with pier. To date, the design specifications in many countries, such as China, US, Britain, etc, have included some provisions addressing ship collision with bridge piers. However, the review finds that： most of the provisions adopt a simple static design method, without considering the parameters of pier, such as the stiffness and ductility; and don^t reflect the impact nature about ship collision with pier; in resent years, the finite element analysis technique have been used in monographic study on ship collisions on piers,while it＇s hardest to engineers and difficult to popularize to general bridge design. The anti-ram design of bridge piers is reviewed from two aspects, namely protective structure around the bridge piers and the piers themselves. Some major problems and proposals are presented, meanwhile, three design factors and a corresponding design flow are presented.
出处
《公路》
北大核心
2013年第10期60-66,共7页
Highway
基金
国家自然科学基金项目
项目编号51008157
关键词
桥梁工程
桥墩
防撞设计
船舶
撞击
bridge engineering
pier anti-ram design
ship collision
