摘要
将平均体质量为（7.16±0.07）g的大菱鲆幼鱼分别饲养在不同盐度（12、18、24、30和36）的水体中60 d,以探讨盐度对幼鱼特定生长率、生长激素、成活率、摄食率、饲料效率和肌肉营养成分的影响。结果表明：大菱鲆幼鱼在盐度分别为18、24、30和36的水体中均生长良好,成活率为100%,特定生长率分别为1.97、1.87、1.87和2.00 %/d;在盐度为12的水体中,幼鱼的成活率和特定生长率均显著低于盐度30组（对照组）（P〈0.05）,分别为80.77%和1.45 %/d。生长激素为0.41～1.66 ng/mL时,盐度18和36组均显著高于盐度30组（P〈0.05）,而盐度12组显著低于盐度30组（P〈0.05）。饲料效率为1.12%～1.38%时,盐度18、24和36组均显著高于盐度30组（P〈0.05）,而盐度12组显著低于盐度30组（P〈0.05）。摄食率为1.19～1.28 %/d时,盐度12和24组均显著低于盐度30组（P〈0.05）,其它盐度组之间均无显著差异（P〉0.05）。幼鱼特定生长率随血清生长激素和饲料效率的升高而增大,与盐度的相关性不显著。幼鱼肌肉中的粗蛋白质含量随水体盐度的升高而降低,除盐度12和18组之间无显著性差异外（P〉0.05）,其余各盐度组之间均存在显著性差异（P〈0.05）;盐度12组幼鱼肌肉中的粗脂肪低于其它盐度组,灰分显著高于其它盐度组（P〈0.05）,其余各盐度组之间粗脂肪和灰分均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;各盐度组之间幼鱼肌肉中的水分均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。综上所述,适当降低盐度可改善大菱鲆幼鱼生长和肌肉品质,其适宜盐度为18。
The specific growth rates（SGR）,growth hormone（GH）,survival rate,feed intake ratio,feed conversion efficiency（FCE）and body composition in muscles of juvenile turbot（Scophthalmus maximus）[body weight of（7.16±0.07）g],which had been reared at salinities 12,18,24,30 and 36 for 60 days,were investigated.The results showed that the SGR of the fish reared at salinity 18,24,30 and 36 were 1.97,1.87,1.87 and 2.00 %/d,respectively,with a survival rate of 100%for these groups（P〉0.05）.However,the SGR and survival rate of the fish reared at salinity 12 were 1.45 %/d and 80.77%,respectively,both of which had significant differences in comparison with those of the control（salinity 30）（P〈0.05）.GH was the lowest in the fish reared at salinity 12 and the highest at salinity 36,both of which had significant differences in comparison with that of the control（P〈0.05）.FCE and feed intake ratio were 1.12%-1.38% and 1.19-1.28 %/d,respectively.FCE was the lowest in the fish reared at salinity 12,and the highest at salinity 36,both of which had significant differences in comparison with that of the control（salinity 30）（P〈0.05）;while feed intake ratio was the highest at salinity 30,and the lowest at salinity 12,with significant differences compared with that of the control（P〉0.05）.Although SGR had not significantly correlative with salinity,SGR increased with the rise of FCE and GH.The crude protein decreased with the rise of water salinity and showed significant difference between groups（P〈0.05）.Fish reared at salinity 12 had the lowest crude fat and highest ash content ,both of which were significantly different from the control（P〈0.05）.Moisture had no significant differences between groups（P〉0.05）.Thus,the results indicated that the changes in salinity could have significant impacts on SGR,GH,FCE,feed intake ratio and protein in muscles of juvenile turbot.Rearing in brackish water can enhance growth performance and flesh quality of the fish,and the proper salinity is 18.The results from this study provide important reference for salinity selection in turbot mariculture.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第10期1535-1541,共7页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
鲆鲽类产业技术体系专项(CARS)(2060302-2-1-008)
关键词
大菱鲆
盐度
生长
生长激素
肌肉品质
Scophthalmus maximus
salinity
growth
growth hormone
flesh quality
