摘要
为探索川中丘陵区套作春玉米的适宜种植密度,通过田间试验,研究不同种植密度对玉米叶面积、干物质积累、倒折率及产量的影响.结果表明：玉米单株绿叶面积和单株干物质积累随着密度增加而降低,群体干物质和叶面积随着密度增加而增加,种植密度对群体的调控效应大于单株.‘成单30’种植密度由3.75×104株/hm2增加至6×104株/hm2,产量随着密度增加而增加;但超过6×104 株/hm2后,穗粒数、百粒重显著降低,茎秆倒折率显著上升,从而导致玉米减产.小麦玉米套作“双三O”种植模式下,供试品种“成单30”获得较高产量的种植密度为5.25×104～6×104株/hm2,高产群体结构指标吐丝期LAI为4.72 ～5.41,吐丝期群体干物质为6330.98 ～ 6898.80 kg/hm2,成熟期群体干物质为16541.33～16616.25 kg/hm2.
A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different plant densities on spring maize green leaf area,dry matter accumulation,root lodging percentage,stalk breaking percentage and grain yield in Sichuan hilly area.The result showed that,the green leaf area per plant and dry matter accumulation per plant of maize were decreased with the increasing plant density,while the LAI and population dry matter accumulation increased,and the responses of population quality was greater than that of individual characteristics to different plant densities.The grain yield increased with the plant density increasing in the range of 5.25 × 104 plants · hm2 to 6 × 104 plants · hm2,but it decreased after the plant density over 6 × 104 plants · hm2 because of their significant declining of kernels per ear and 100-grain weight and their increasing root lodging percentage and stalk breaking percentage.The suitable maize planting density of Chengdan 30 in wheat and maize intercropping system in Sichuan hilly area was 5.25 × 104-6 × 104 plants · hm2.Meanwhile,the optimal population structure index for high grain yield were LAI from 4.72 to 5.41 at silking stage,and population dry matter accumulation from 6330.98 kg · hm2 to 6898.80 kg.hm2 at silking stage,as well as 16541.33 kg · hm2 to 16616.25 kg · hm2 at maturity stage.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期1814-1818,共5页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
"十二五"科技支撑计划"西南地区种养业废弃物循环利用技术集成与示范"(2012BAD14B18)
四川省农业农村领域公益类专项"四川省坡耕地质量提升关键技术研究与示范"(12ZC1930)
现代农业产业技术体系四川玉米创新团队项目"玉米土壤培育与水肥高效关键技术研究"(SCCXTD2009-2-7)
