摘要
为研究福建沿海城市群低能见度天气特征及其影响因素,将福建沿海城市分成北部、中部和南部3个城市群,利用2006年1月至2010年12月各城市能见度、相对湿度、降水、天气形势和PM10浓度资料进行分析,结果表明:北部城市群每年霾日只有8—26 d,低能见度主要是由(轻)雾引起的,而中、南部城市群低能见度主要是由霾引起的;各城市群(轻)雾和霾天气主要出现在12月至翌年6月,7—11月出现率极低,而平均能见度夏秋季节高于冬春季节;各城市群的低能见度、(轻)雾和霾均以"短暂"为主,其次是"半天","全天"最少;低涡切变下(轻)雾日数最多,其次是高空槽和暖区辐合,再次是变性冷高压;霾出现频率较高的是暖区辐合、高空槽和变性冷高压3种天气形势;PM10浓度在霾天气下(0.068—0.109 mg·m-3)可达到两倍于(轻)雾(0.044—0.064 mg·m-3)和非低能见度天气下的浓度(0.041—0.072 mg·m-3)。
Based on the visibility,relative humidity,precipitation,synoptic situations and the concentration of PM10 from 2006 to 2010 in Fujian province,the characteristics of low visibility weather and its impacting factors were analyzed,and the coastal cities were divided into three city groups,i.e.the north,the middle and the south.The results indicate that the annual haze days are from 8 to 26 days in the north city group and the low visibility is caused by （light） fog,while it is caused by haze in other two city groups.The （light） fog and haze weather usually occur in December to June and seldom in other months.The mean visibility is higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring.The short duration for the low visibility weather,light fog and haze is prevailing,and then is half a day ; the least is the whole day in three city groups.The light fog usually occurs under low vortex shear condition,and then under upper trough and warm zone convergence condition,the third is under transformed surface cold high condition,while haze is often under warm zone convergence,upper trough and transformed surface cold high conditions.The mass concentrations of PM10 are 0.068-0.109 mg · m-3,0.044-0.064 mg · m-3 and 0.041-0.072 mg· m-3 under haze,（light） fog and non-low visibility weather conditions.
出处
《气象与环境学报》
2013年第5期98-105,共8页
Journal of Meteorology and Environment
基金
环保公益性行业专项(201009004)
公益性行业科研专项(GYHY201206011)
福建省科技厅重点项目(2012Y0009)共同资助
