摘要
以田间试验为手段,研究济宁地区黄河泥沙充填复垦农田和对照农田的土壤入渗特征。在充填农田和对照农田两类样地的表层分别均匀布设了5个试验点。采用单圈入渗对各个试验点进行现场入渗试验,并对每个试验点的土壤理化性质进行测定,分析其对于入渗的影响。选用经常用于野外入渗模拟的Kostiakov模型、Horton模型对两类样地的入渗过程进行模拟,发现两者均能较好地描述此次充填农田和对照农田试验点表层土壤的入渗特性,然而Kostiakov模型更适合描述此次充填农田和对照农田试验点表层土壤的入渗特性;除了CK3点的初始入渗率外,其余对照农田试验点的表层土壤入渗率均比充填农田大,主导影响因素是完整的毛管孔隙结构、大孔隙流和生物性大孔等;提出了深耕、加强充填泥沙层的保水保肥性、合理的灌溉方式以及科学的土壤剖面重构等改良充填农田的措施,以提高采煤沉陷地黄河泥沙充填复垦农田的农业生产水平。
The infiltration characteristics of reclamation farmland filled with the Yellow River sediment and control farmland in Jining,Shandong province were discussed using field experiment.Five experimental points on the surface of the reclamation farmland and control farmland were evenly laid respectively.Field infiltration experiments of these test points were conducted with lap infiltration apparatus,and soil physical and chemical properties of each test point were measured in laboratory to evaluate their influences on infiltration.Kostiakov model and Horton model were chosen to simulate soil infiltration process in these two studied areas,which were often used in the field infiltration,and found that both of them could be used to describe infiltration characteristics of these two studied areas,but the Kostiakov model was better.The topsoil infiltration rates of the test experiment points of control farmland were higher than those of reclamation farmland except the CK3 point,whose dominant influencing factors were the complete capillary pore structure,the macropore flow and biological macroporous.Several measures,such as deep plowing,strengthening the ability of retaining water and nutrients of filling sediment layer,the reasonable irrigation methods and scientific soil profile reconstruction were proposed to improve the agricultural production level of the reclamation farmland filled with the Yellow River sediment in the coal mine subsidence land.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期54-58,67,共6页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC04B03)
关键词
黄河泥沙
采煤沉陷地
充填复垦
土壤入渗
影响因素
the Yellow River sediment
coal mine subsidence land
filling reclamation
soil infiltration
influencing factors
