摘要
目的探讨气管切开术后继发肺部感染的病因,并制定相应的护理干预措施。方法采用回顾性方法调查2009年1月至2011年12月行气管切开术后患者肺部感染的发生情况。结果 74例患者共发生肺部感染39例,发生率为52.7%。本组临床标本共分离出病原菌38株,其中革兰阴性杆菌31株,占81.58%;革兰阳性球菌4株,占10.53%;真菌3株,占7.89%。致病菌主要为大肠埃希菌,其次为肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单孢菌等。气管切开术后继发肺部感染与机体免疫功能低下、各种侵入性操作、导管留置时间过长、气道湿化及切口护理失当、抗菌药物的不合理应用等因素密切相关。结论加强营养支持,严格执行操作规范、做好基础护理及积极控制感染等措施,可有效预防和控制气管切开术后继发肺部感染的发生。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of secondary pulmonary infection after tracheotomy and formulate the appropriate nursing intervention countermeasures. Methods The pulmonary infection after tracheotomy from January 2009 to December 2011 was analyzed, retrospectively. Results There were 39 cases with pulmonary infection among 74 patients who accepted tracheotomy and the incidence was 52.7%, there were 38 strains of pathogen isolated, with which 81.58%（31 strains） were gram negative bacilli, 10.53%were gram positive bacteria （4 strains） and 7.89%were fungi （3 strains）. Major pathogens were mainly Escherichia coli （E. coli）, then Klebsiella pneumoniae and psudomonasaeruginosa （PAE）. Secondary pulmonary infection after tracheotomy were closely related to weak immune function, invasive operation, a longer period of using tracheal catheter, inappropriate airway humidiifcation and incision care and unreasonable application of antibacterial drugs. Conclusions Secondary pulmonary infection after tracheotomy can be effectively prevented and controlled by strengthen nutritional support, strict implementation of the practices, perfect basic nursing and active control of infection.
出处
《中华实验和临床感染病杂志（电子版）》
CAS
2013年第4期89-91,共3页
Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition)
关键词
气管切开术后
肺部感染
危险因素
护理措施
After-tracheotomy
Secondary pulmonary infection
Risk factors
Nursingcountermeasures
