摘要
有色大麦是一类珍贵的大麦种质资源,主要由不同色素沉积在大麦种子的果皮和糊粉层内而形成。有色大麦富含天然色素,人体必需氨基酸,维生素和钙、硒等矿质元素,具有特殊的生理功能,可作为生产营养保健品的原料,也可作为食品添加剂用于食品加工业,还可用于化妆品行业制造防晒膏和染发剂等。有色大麦主要分蓝、紫和黑3种颜色,不同颜色大麦的花色苷组成成分及含量有所不同。研究认为,黑色大麦主要受显性基因Blp控制,该基因位于染色体1HL上;紫色大麦受2对显性互补基因控制(Pre1和Pre2),位于染色体2HL上,而蓝色大麦由5对显性互补的等位基因控制(Blx1、Blx2、Blx3、Blx4和Blx5),分别位于染色体4HL和7HL上。
Colored barley is the type of precious barley germplasm resources. The color of its seeds is caused by the deposition of different pigments in pericarp and aleurone layer. Colored barley seeds contain many kinds of nutri- ent components such as natural pigments, essential amino acids, vitamins and mineral elements including calcium, selenium etc. ,which play important physiological roles in human health. The seeds of colored barley can be used as raw materials for producing nutraeeuticals, food additivies for the food processing industry, and they can also be used for manufacturing suntan cream and hair coloring agent in cosmetics industry. The colors of barley seeds are mainly blue,purple and black because of various components and contents of anthocyanins in them. Black barley is con- trolled by a dominant gene Blp located on chromosome 1HL;purple barley is controlled by two complementary domi- nant genes,Prel and Pre2, both of them located on chromosome 2HL;blue barley is controlled by five complementa- ry dominant genes, Blxl, Blx2. Blx3., Blx4 and Blx5, among of them Blxl, Blx3 and Blx4 located on chromosome 4HL,Blx2 and Blx5 located on chromosome 7HL.
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期1020-1024,共5页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金(31101149)
浙江省自然科学基金(Y3110574)
浙江省公益性研究项目(2012C22029)
国家大麦青稞产业技术体系(CARS-05)
关键词
有色大麦
花色苷
酚类
品质
遗传
Colored barley
anthocyanin
phenolic compounds
quality
inheritance
