摘要
目的了解宁夏东部荒漠草原啮齿动物种群的空间格局及动物鼠疫的风险。方法收集整理2002—2012年宁夏东部荒漠草原啮齿动物及其体表寄生蚤监测和调查资料，计算捕获率、鼠体染蚤率和蚤指数.结果2002—2012年日行鼠捕获率范围为1．10—5．90只／hm^2，种群有3种，长爪沙土鼠为优势种群、黄鼠为常见种、达乌尔鼠兔为稀有种。夜行鼠捕获率范围为3．82％～18．97％，种群表现为多样性，隶属于2目6科7属15种。以子午沙鼠、小毛足鼠、三趾跳鼠为优势种群，以黑线仓鼠、小家鼠、灰仓鼠等为习见种，东方田鼠、褐家鼠等为稀有种群。共从鼠及其体表寄生蚤体内检出鼠疫菌123株，其中鼠体检出106株（自毙鼠检出104株、活鼠检出2株），鼠体寄生蚤检出17株。结论宁夏东部荒漠草原鼠害及动物鼠疫流行的危险增加，建议进一步完善和落实区域联防联控机制，有效控制鼠疫的流行。
Objective To find out the spatial pattern of rodent population and risk of animal plague in eastern part of Ningxia desert grassland. Methods Monitoring and survey data of grassland rodents and parasitic fleas of estern desert steppe in Ningxia from 2002 to 2012 were collected and processed; capture rate, flea infection rate and flea index rate were calculated. Results From 2002 to 2012, the capture rate of the mouse that moves at daytime ranged from 1.10 to 5.90/hm2, and these mice belonged to three species, namely the dominant species Meriones unguiculatus, common species Spermophilus dauricus, and rare species Ochotona daurica. Nocturnal mouse capture ＇rate ranged from 3.82% to 18.97%, and these mice had a population diversity, which belonged to 2 orders, 6 families, 7 genera and 15 species. Meriones meridianus, Phodopus roborovskii and Dipus sagitta were the dominant species, Cricetulus barabensis, Mus musculus, Cricetulus migratorius and so on as the common species and Microtus fortis, Rattus norvegicus and so on as the rare species. From rats and parasitic fleas, 123 strains of Yersiniapestis were detected, 106 of them were detected in rats（104 from dead rodent, 2 from live rats）, and 17 from parasitic fleas. Conclusions The risk of animal plague in eastern Ningxia desert grassland has increased ; we suggest to further improve and implement the regional joint prevention and control measures, and effectively control the spread of the plague.
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期645-647,共3页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
