摘要
为探讨稻鸭共作和频振式杀虫灯对有机水稻病虫草害的防治效果,完善有机水稻病虫草害的有效防控技术,设计了稻鸭灯、稻鸭、稻灯、常规施药和对照(稻田不放鸭、无灯光、不施药)5个处理的对比试验。结果表明,放鸭后15d和45d,稻鸭灯处理和稻鸭处理对稗草、鸭舌草、三棱草、莎草、水绵的防效分别为75.5%～90.5%、77.6%～89.6%和88.8%～100.0%、85.1%～100.0%,总防效分别为85.5%、84.3%和91.5%、89.8%。这2个处理的杂草防效极显著高于其他处理。水稻分蘖高峰期,稻鸭灯处理和稻鸭处理的水稻纹枯病丛发病率分别为38.2%、38.5%,比对照高69.0%和70.4%;病情指数分别为21.4、23.3,比对照低57.4%、53.6%。齐穗期,稻鸭灯处理和稻鸭处理的纹枯病丛发病率和病情指数分别为12.1%、11.6和12.6%、11.8,均极显著低于对照,也较分蘖高峰期降低。放鸭后18d,对叶蝉的防效以常规施药处理最好,稻鸭灯处理与常规施药处理间差异不显著,对二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟、稻飞虱的防效均是稻鸭灯处理最好;放鸭后50d,对二化螟、叶蝉、稻纵卷叶螟、稻飞虱的防效均以稻鸭灯处理最好。总体来看,有机水稻生产中采用稻鸭共作技术并安装频振式杀虫灯可以有效防控水稻病虫草害。
In order to investigate the effective prevention and control technology of the organic rice diseases ,insect pests and weeds ,the contrast experiment of rice-duck-light ,rice-duck ,rice-light ,and conventional pesticide treatment was arranged ,the treatment without duck ,light and pesticide as the control .The results showed that at 15 days and 45 days after feeding duck ,the control effects of rice-duck-light and rice-duck treatment against barnyard grass ,Monochoria v a-ginalis ,rhizoma sparganii weed ,sedge ,and spirogyra were respectively 75 .5% -90 .5% ,77 .6% -89.6% and 88 .8% -100 .0% ,85 .1% -100 .0% .And the general control effects were 85 .5% , 84.3% and 91 .5% ,89 .8% ,respectively .The two treatments significantly exceeded the others . During the tillering peak period of rice ,the cluster incidence of rice sheath blight of rice-duck-light treatment and rice-duck treatment was respectively 38 .2% and 38 .5% ,69 .0% and 70 .4% higher than the control .The disease index was respectively 21 .4 and 23 .3 ,57 .4% and 53 .6% lower than the control .In the full panicle stage ,the cluster incidence and the disease index of rice-duck-light treatment and rice-duck treatment were respectively 12 .1% ,11 .6 and 12 .6% ,11 .8 ,lower than the control and that of the tillering peak period .At 18 days after feeding duck ,the conventional pesticide treatment had the best control effect against leafhoppers ,without siginificant difference from the rice-duck-light treatment .In addition ,the rice-duck-light treatment showed the best con-trol effect against Chilo suppressalis ,rice leaf folder ,and rice planthopper .At 50 days after feed-ing duck ,the rice-duck-light treatment showed best among all treatments in the control effect a-gainst Chilo sup p ressalis ,leafhoppers ,rice leaf folder ,and rice planthopper .Overall ,using the rice-duck farming technique and installing frequency vibration-killing lamp can effectively prevent and control diseases ,insect pests and weeds in the production of organic rice .
出处
《河南农业科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第11期90-93,共4页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
临沂市科技发展计划项目(200512038)
关键词
有机水稻
稻鸭共作
病虫草害
防治技术
organic rice
rice-duck farming system
diseases, insect pests and weeds
preventionand control technology
