摘要
科学研究具有日益显著的多领域交叉融合特征，这种特征称为领域交叉性。为了定量刻画领域交叉性，学者们提出了各种指标测度，但它们缺乏对构成领域交叉性的所有要素属性进行全面考虑。在综述已有相关研究的基础上，本文首先对Stirling多样性公式进行扩展，创建了综合多样性与聚合性以衡量领域交叉性的Ф指标。然后探讨了领域识别与划分、领域间差异量化等运用Ф指标进行分析时必须考虑的重要课题，总结提出了一些具有可行性与可操作性的分析方法。最后，运用Ф指标分析了2002—2011年图书情报学、信息系统和管理科学研究三者领域交叉性的发展变化，发现总体而言，近10年来信息系统和管理科学的研究较之图书情报学具有更显著的领域交叉性。本文的研究过程和结论在一定程度上验证了Ф指标的全面性和有效性，它可作为衡量领域交叉性的可选指标之一。
Scientific research is increasingly requiring integration of multiple disciplines, the characteristic of this integration is often referred to as interdisciplinarity. Several indicators or metrics have been proposed by researchers for quantitatively analyzing interdisciplinarity, but they are lack of a comprehensive consideration for all attributes which compose interdisciplinarity. Based on reviewing the existing related researches, the paper firstly expands Stirling＇s formula of diversity to construct a Ф indicator of interdisciplinarity which consist of diversity and cohesion. Secondly, some important issues, such as recognition or classification of research fields and quantitative representation of the differences between them, which must be taken into account when using the Ф indicator, are discussed in considerable detail. For each of these issues, a few feasible and practical methods are summarized or proposed. At last, by using the Ф indicator, the evolutions of the interdisciplinarities from 2002 to 2011 are revealed for three ISI Subject Categories, which are Information Science ＆ Library Science （ILS） , Computer Science - Information Systems （IS） , and Operations Research ＆ Management Science （ MS）. The analysis finds that the interdisciplinarities of IS and MS are more significant than that of ILS on the whole during recent 10-year period. The process and conclusion of the paper manifest the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of the Ф indicator to certain extent, which could make Ф a member of indicator family for analyzing the interdisciplinarity of scientific research.
出处
《情报学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第11期1184-1195,共12页
Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information
基金
华东理工大学一级学科建设项目(YN0125506)资助成果之一
关键词
领域交叉性
多样性
聚合性
interdisciplinarity, diversity, cohesion
