摘要
目的了解中学生结核病相关知识信念和行为现状,为更好开展学校结核病健康教育提供参考依据。方法在四川、贵州、云南活动性结核病患者较多的3个流行病学调查(简称"流调")抽样点及2个流调点邻县,采用便利抽样法每县抽取1所学校。采用自行设计的问卷对5所学校的高二学生进行调查,问卷内容包括结核病防治核心信息、态度行为及健康教育现状等。共计发放问卷443份,回收有效问卷437份,问卷有效率98.6%。分别统计各条结核病相关信息的知晓率、总知晓率、态度和总得分。结果调查对象对10条结核病防治信息的总知晓率为54.3%(2375/4370),其中关于诊疗相关政策及疾病危害的知晓率较低,分别为23.9%(209/874)和23.8%(104/437)。结核病综合知识得分6分(P25=4,P75=7)。7.0%(30/430)的学生表示得病后会隐瞒病情,21.2%(91/430)会与身边结核病患者保持距离,0.5%(2/430)的学生表示不和结核病患者来往。65.7%(287/437)的学生从未主动了解过结核病知识,96.3%(420/436)的学生认为学校有必要开展结核病健康教育。结论西部地区中学生结核病相关知识偏低,存在消极态度。应当由卫生部门和教育部门共同合作,采用多种手段开展学校结核病相关知识的健康教育。
Objective To analyze status quo of tuberculosis （TB） related knowledge, attitude and practice in middle school students and provide evidences for TB health education intervention. Methods Three epidemiological survey sites where lots of active TB cases were found and two adjacent counties were selected in Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan province. One senior high school was purposively sampled in each county, and two classes in grade 2 of each school were randomly sampled. A self-designed questionnaire investigation concerning TB core information, TB related attitude, practice and health education was conducted among all students in the 10 classes selected. 443 questionnaires were sent out while 437（98.6%） recovered. General awareness rate, awareness rate of each message, attitude distribution and score were calculated. Results General awareness rate of the 10 TB related messages was 54.3% （2375/4370）. Awareness rates of TB healthcare strategy and hazard were low, in which was 23.9% （209/874） and 23.8% （104/437） respectively. The median score was 6 （P25=4, P75=7）. 7.0% （30/430） of the students would conceal the facts if getting TB, 21.2% （91/430） would keep away from TB patients, and 0.5% （2/430） would not contact with TB patients. 65.7% （287/437） of the students were never proactive in knowing TB knowledge, whereas 96.3% （420/436） thought it necessary to carry out TB health education in school. Conclusion Students in the western region of China had poor TB knowledge and negative attitudes. Collaboration of health and education departments and comprehensive methods of information spread were needed to improve the situation.
出处
《中国防痨杂志》
CAS
2013年第11期876-880,共5页
Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis
基金
全球基金结核病防治项目实施性研究资助(TB12-007)
中国疾控中心青年基金(2012A108)
关键词
结核
肺
预防和控制
觉知
健康教育
学生
问卷调查
Tuberculosis, pulmonary/prevention
control
Awareness
Health education
Students
Questionnaires
