摘要
目的探讨下呼吸道感染患儿病原菌的分布及药敏性,为下呼吸道感染患儿的治疗提供指导依据。方法选取2011年10月-2012年10月医院接受治疗的70例下呼吸道感染患儿,取痰液标本进行菌种鉴定,并选用常见抗菌药物对病原菌进行药敏试验。结果 70例下呼吸道感染患儿分离出病原菌42株,其中革兰阴性菌30株占71.4%,革兰阳性菌8株占19.1%,真菌4株占9.5%;主要革兰阴性菌对哌拉西林、氨苄西林、喹诺酮类、四环素及三代头孢菌素有较强耐药性,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、亚胺培南、美罗培南等药物敏感,耐药率<10.0%;金黄色葡萄球菌对四环素、阿奇霉素及氨苄西林耐药率>83.3%,对左氧氟沙星、万古霉素等药物敏感,耐药率为0。结论下呼吸道感染患儿的病原菌主要为革兰阴性菌,应根据药敏试验结果合理选择抗菌药物对其治疗。
OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and drug susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria causing lower respiratory tract infections in children so as to guide the treatment of the lower respiratory tract infections. METHODS Totally 70 children with lower respiratory tract infections,who were treated in the hospital from Oct 2011 to Oct 2012 were enrolled in the study, then the sputum specimens were cultured for bacterial identification, and the drug susceptibility testing of the commonly used antibiotics was performed. RESULTS Of totally 70 children with lower respiratory tract infections, 42 strains of pathogens have been isolated, including 30 （71.4%） strains of gram-negative bacteria, 8 （19.1%） strains of gram-positive bacteria, and 4 （9.5%） strains of fungi. The main species of gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to piperacillin, ampicillin, quinolones, tetracyclines, and third-generation cephalosporin, while the drug resistance rates to cefoperazone-sulbactam, imipenem, and meropenem Were less than 10.0 %; the drug resistance rates of the Staphylococcus aureus to tetracyclines, azithromycin, and ampicillin were more than 83. 3%, and the drug resistance rates to levofloxacin and vancomycin were 0%. CONCLUSION The gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infections in children, and it is necessary to reasonably use antibiotics based on the result of drug susceptibility testing,
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第24期6134-6135,6143,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
杭州市科技基金项目(2010YSB334)
关键词
下呼吸道感染
病原菌
药敏分析
Lower respiratory tract infection
Pathogen
Drug susceptibility testing
