摘要
由于自然环境、资源竞争、生长繁衍等因素的影响,森林中树木的空间分布格局不断发生着变化。基于森林生态学的相关理论,对森林的这种动态演替现象进行了研究和模拟。采用一种2维分布图的形式来着重展现森林演替过程中的自然稀疏、多树种演替和聚集生长3种重要的变化规律,并以此为基础,通过迭代推演的方式实现了森林景观动态演替过程的可视化模拟。模拟计算过程中,为了加速迭代推演过程中最耗时的树木相交测试,还提出一种"扩展边界的四叉树"方法,提高了计算效率。在生成森林初始分布信息时参考了有关森林空间数据的概念,能够生成符合林业上树木胸径分布的森林数据。模拟过程中所采用的技术方法不仅可应用于影视动画、虚拟现实等领域,而且在林业科学研究与应用上也具有潜在的应用价值。
As the impact of natural environment, resource competition, propagation of trees and other factors, the spatial distribution of trees in forest is changing continuously. In this paper, we put forward the method to simulate this dynamic evolution of forest based on the theory of forest ecology. The spatial distribution information of trees is recorded and visualized in a form of two-dimensional distribution diagram, and three important evolution rules of forest： self-thinning, species succession and clustering growth, are simulated with iterated deduction manner. Based on the simulation results above, we realize the visual performance of the procedure of forest dynamic simulation. In the simulation, for the seek of speeding up the process of making intersection test among trees, which is the most time-consuming process in iterated deduction, we propose the improved quadtree algorithm quadtree with extended boundaries to reduce the number of intersection test. Generation the initial distribution information of trees refers to the conception of the foresty spatial data, which can make the initial data of forest to better fit the diameter distribution of trees. The method can be used to provide the dynamic distribution data of forest for further realizing the realistic simulation of dynamic forest scenes. Furthermore, it also has potential value in forestry research and applications. The proposed method can be applied to the areas like film and animation, virtual reality, but also has great potential of research and application of forestry science.
出处
《中国图象图形学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第12期1666-1675,共10页
Journal of Image and Graphics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(61100132)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(YX2013-28)
关键词
森林动态演替
可视化模拟
树木空间分布
四叉树
dynamic evolution of forest
visual simulation
spatial distribution of trees
quadtree
