摘要
在半湿润偏旱雨养农业区的3年试验表明,旱地小麦产量高低与土壤底墒的多少有关,在有限降水的条件下,提高土壤底墒是旱地小麦增产的重要环节。深耕休闲能破除犁底层、加厚耕层,并改善其物理性状,提高雨季水分下渗速率,使麦播期2m土体有效水含量较普耕增加13.8～48.9mm;如果在不同耕法基础上再进行秸秆覆盖,播前有效水含量(仅0～60cm)较不盖者平均增加19.1mm。据估算,播种时每增加10mm有效水,可提高小麦产量8.2～11.8kg/亩。研究表明,深耕休闲及秸秆覆盖是旱地麦田蓄水保墒和挖掘降水潜力的重要节水措施。休闲地深耕可隔年进行一次。
Three years'experiments conducted in rainfed agricultural semihumid arealiable to drought showed that wheat yield in rainfed land was closely relatedto base moisture in soil.In the case of limited rainfall,improving base mois-ture in soil.is a key link in raising wheat yield in rainfed land.Subsoilingduring the fallow period can break plowpans and deepen the plow layers andimprove,soil physical properties so as to raise moisture permeability duringraining season.in this way,the available water content in 2-meter-deep soillayer can increase 13.8-48.9 mm higher than that in soil by the conventionalplowing in sowing time.Based on different tillage methods and with strawmulching,the available moisture in soil(only 0-60 cm deep)prior to wheatsowing increased 19.1 mm on an average higher than that in soil withoutmulching.It is estimated that when sowing,there is and crease of every 10 mmof available water in soil,wheat yield increase will be 8.2～11.8kg/mu.Re-search indicates that subsoiling,fallow and mulching are the important water-sawing measures to store a and ao serve soil moisture and to tap rainfall poten-tial in rainfed wheat welds,Also,subsoiling in fallow land can be carriedout every over year.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第4期1-9,共9页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
关键词
小麦
蓄水保墒
耕作
秸秆覆盖
栽培
rainfed land
wheat
soil moisture
tillage
subsoiling
plow pans
stalk mulhcing
