摘要
目的了解医院尿路感染病原菌分布特点及其耐药性,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法应用MicroSCAN4AutoSCAN鉴定药敏系统进行细菌鉴定和药敏试验,药敏结果使用WHO提供的WHONET5.4软件进行数据统计处理。结果 2007年1月-2011年12月共收集病原菌1808株,其中革兰阴性杆菌1289株占71.3%,革兰阳性球菌316株占17.5%,真菌203株占11.2%;分离率最高的病原菌为大肠埃希菌953株占52.7%,其次为肠球菌属246株占13.6%;产ESBLs大肠埃希菌的检出率为44.1%,大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南、头孢西丁、替卡西林/克拉维酸、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿莫西林/克拉维酸和阿米卡星仍具有较高的抗菌活性,其耐药率<10.0%;铜绿假单胞菌对多数药物的耐药率<20.0%,耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌的检出率为12.3%;检出5株耐万古霉素肠球菌;耐高浓度庆大霉素粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌检出率分别为58.5%和70.5%。结论泌尿系统感染的病原菌以大肠埃希菌为主,各菌种多药耐药性较为严重,临床应在细菌药物敏感性试验结果的指导下,合理应用抗菌药物,以减少耐药菌的发生。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infec-tions so as to provide evidence for rational use of antibiotics. METHODS The bacterial identification and antimicro-bial susceptibility testing were performed by MicroSCAN4 AutoSCAN system, and the data of the antibiotics susceptibility testing were statistically analyzed with the use of WHONET 5.4 software specified by the WHO. RESULTS A total of 1808 strains of pathogens have been isolated from Jan 2007 to Dec 2011, among which there were 1289 （71. 3%） strains of gram-negative bacilli, 316 （17. 5%） strains of gram-positive cocci, and 203 （11.2%） strains of fungil the isolation rate of Escherichia coli was the highest （52.7%, 953 strains）, followed by Enterococcus （13.6%, 246 strains） ; the detection rate of the ESBLs-producing E. coli was 44.1%. The drug resistance rates of E. coli to imipenem, cefoxitin, ticarcillin-clavulanie acid, piperacillin-tazobactam, amoxicillin- clavulanic acid, and amikaein were less than 10.0% ; the drug resistance rates of the P. aeruginosa strains to most of the antibiotics were less than 20. 0%, the detection rate of imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa was 12. 3% totally 5 strains of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus have been detected; the detection rates of the high-concen-tration gentamicin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium were 58.5 % and 70.5 %, respective- ly. CONCLUSION The E. coli is the predominant species of pathogen causing the urinary tract infection, the pathogens are highly multidrug-resistant, thus it is necessary for the hospital to reasonably use antibiotics based on the result of drug susceptibility testing so as to reduce the occurrence of drug resistant strains.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第23期5857-5859,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
广西壮族自治区科学技术厅基金项目(桂科攻1140003A-43)
广西壮族自治区卫生厅基金项目(Z2011497)
关键词
尿路感染
病原菌
抗菌药物
分布
耐药性
Urinary tract infection
Pathogenic bacteria
Antibiotic
Distribution
Drug resistance
