摘要
通过追踪研究,采用问卷法考察了454名学前儿童的父母婚姻关系质量、父母情绪表达与亲子关系的作用机制。路径分析的结果表明:(1)在控制了第一年父子亲密性后,第一年的夫妻婚姻关系质量不能直接预测第三年父子亲密性,而是完全通过第二年父亲的情绪表达作用于第三年父子亲密性,第二年母亲情绪表达在第一年夫妻婚姻关系质量与第三年父子亲密性之间的中介作用不显著。(2)在控制了第一年母子亲密性后,第二年母亲的积极情绪表达在第一年的夫妻婚姻关系质量与第三年的母子亲密性之间起着完全中介作用,而第二年母亲消极情绪表达的中介作用不显著,第二年父亲情绪表达在第一年夫妻婚姻关系质量与第三年母子亲密性之间的中介作用不显著。
Family is viewed as a hierarchically organized system, which is comprised of marital, parental and sibling subsystems. The interaction of family subsystems is important for understanding children＇s social development. Although numerous studies have indicated that marital and child-parent relationship are interrelated, it is unclear how marital relationship influences child-parent relationship. Researchers have argued that marital relationship impacts child-parent relationship through parenting behavior. Parents who experience harmonious marriage tend to exhibit sensitive parenting, and develop warm parent-child relationship, while parents who experience conflictive marital relationship may exhibit harsh parenting, and develop low quality parent-child relationship. In addition, parental emotional socialization behavior may serve as a mediator of links between marital relationship and child-parent relationship; marital conflict or ambivalence is associated with parents＇ negative expressiveness, and a supportive marital relationship is associated with parents＇ positive expressiveness. Positive or negative parental expressiveness in turn may affect parent-child relationships. The current longitudinal study explored the mediating effects of parental emotional expressiveness in family on relations between marital relationship and parent-child relationship during three preschool years. We hypothesized that parents with a good quality marital relationship would display more positive emotional expressiveness and inhibit negative emotional expressiveness in the family, which result in good relationships with their children. Four hundred and fifty four preschoolers （254 boys and 200 girls, Mage = 50.92 months, SD = 4.21 at the first stage） and their parents participated in this study. Fathers and mothers reported their marital quality and emotional expressiveness, and rated their relationships with their child. The path analysis revealed that patemal positive and negative emotional expressiveness and maternal positive emotional expressiveness in the second year completely mediated the relation between marital quality in the first year and child-parent intimacy in the third year when intimate child-father relationship or intimate child-mother relationship were controlled in the first year. Specifically, father who experienced higher marital quality in the first year tended to express more positive emotions and less negative emotions in family in the second year, and had more intimate child-father relationship in the third year when intimate child-father relationship in the first year was controlled. However, maternal negative emotional expressiveness in the first year did not mediate the relation between marital quality in the second year and intimate child-father relationship in the third year. Moreover, mother who experienced higher marital quality in the first year tended to express more positive emotions in family in the second year, and had more intimacy child-mother relationship in the third year when intimate child-mother relationship in the first year was controlled, and paternal negative emotional expressiveness in the first year did not mediate the relation between marital quality in the second year and intimate child-mother relationship in the third year. We discussed the results from the family system and parental emotional socialization perspectives, and provided suggestions for family education.
出处
《心理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第12期1355-1367,共13页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(61231002)
教育部人文社会科学一般项目青年基金(10YJCXLX057
10YJCXLX026)
江苏省自然科学基金(BK20130609)
关键词
婚姻质量
亲子关系
父母情绪表达
家庭系统
中介作用
marital quality
child-parent relationship
mediating effect parental emotional expressiveness
family system
