摘要
针对当今东西方文学理论界流行的一些悲观论点,本文作者认为,虽然文学和文化理论的"黄金时代"已经过去,但理论本身并没有死亡。我们正处于一个"后理论时代",在这样一个时代,理论的功能再也不像以往那样无所不能和无所不在,而是有了一定的限制。所谓"后人文主义"理论思潮近十多年来在西方世界的兴起就说明,不仅理论本身的功能有其局限,就是生产出这些理论的人的作用也有着一定的局限。后人文主义旨在表明,在当今时代,人类和那些同样有生命的动物和植物一样,只是自然界万物中的一种,他的生存和发展在很大程度上也受制于自然规律。看不到这一点就不能合理有效地发展人类自身。后人文主义是伴随着人文主义的危机而来的,它意味着过分强调人的作用的人文主义时期已经终结,人类已经进入了一个"后人类"阶段。在这样一个"后人类"阶段,人类并非宇宙中唯一的具有理性的生物,甚至在地球上也不是各种物种之首领,只是人类的进化程度最高,因而最带有理性的特征。此外,人类也最具有想象力,他可以创造各种奇迹,甚至创造出连自己也无法驾驭的东西。后人文主义的出现在某种程度上也表明了文学理论在未来的一个发展方向。
In response to the pessimistic opinions in the circles of literary theory in the East and West, the paper holds that the passing of the golden era of literary and cultural theory does not mean the death of theory. In the present post - theoretical era, the function of theory is no longer forceful and ubiquitous as before, but rather it is to a certain extent restricted. The rise of the so - called posthumanist trend in the West in the past decade indicates that man in the present era is nothing but one of the species in nature, whose existence and development also depend on the natural law. If we don＇ t see this fact we cannot develop our- selves reasonably and effectively. Post - humanism comes after the crisis of humanism, which means that over - evaluating the role of Man has come to an end, and Man has entered into a ＂post - human＂ stage. In such a ＂posthuman＂ stage, Man is no longer the only species that has rational thought, nor is he the head of all the species on the earth. The only superiority of Man lies in his characteristic of possessing more rational thoughts. Furthermore, Man is the most imaginative, and he can create vari- ous wonders, some of which cannot even be controlled by himself. The appearance of posthumanism demonstrates an orientation of literary and cultural theory in the future.
出处
《文艺理论研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第6期4-11,共8页
Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art
