摘要
目的 了解2010年浙江省弥漫性甲状腺肿患病状况并分析其影响因素.方法 2010年4月在浙江省采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法进行横断面调查,对浙江省18 188名对象进行甲状腺容积B超测量,并通过问卷调查居民基本状况和生活习惯,对弥漫性甲状腺肿患病状况的分布及其相关性进行分析.结果 调查人群弥漫性甲状腺肿大率为2.2％（403/18 188）,不同年龄组人群肿大率差别有统计学意义（x2=267.11,P＜0.05）,其中6～7岁、8～10岁年龄组肿大率较高,分别为10.3％（27/262）、9.8％ （51/519）;女性肿大率（2.9％,305/10 470）高于男性的（1.3％,97/7672）（x2=55.55,P＜0.05）;内陆地区肿大率最高（3.2％,138/4374）,次沿海次之（2.0％,131/6411）,沿海地区最低（1.8％,138/4374）（x2=24.31,P＜0.05）.甲状腺肿大人群与正常组人群对应的水碘含量[甲状腺肿大人群中位数（四分位数区间）：1.88（1.49 ～5.15） μg/L;正常人群：2.41（1.96 ～6.15） μg/L]和盐碘含量[甲状腺肿大人群：29.1（24.70 ～ 31.95） mg/kg;正常人群：30.18（24.69 ～ 32.65） mg/kg]比较差异有统计学意义（水碘：x2=4.95,P=0.026;盐碘：x2=11.03,P＜0.01）.对甲状腺肿大的相关因素分析结果显示家庭收入、文化程度、就业状况、职业种类、饮食特点、是否常吃海产品、饮酒情况与甲状腺肿大有关（x2值分别为8.08、37.85、98.78、68.69、10.91、12.21、26.94,P均＜0.05）.多因素分析可知,女性（OR=0.27,95％CI：0.18 ～0.39）、在校学生（OR=8.05,95％ CI：3.87～16.73）、素食为主（OR=1.60,95％CI：1.15 ～2.22）患甲状腺肿大风险较高;文化程度为大学及以上（OR=0.84,95％CI：0.73～0.97）、常吃海产品（OR=0.62,95％ CI：0.44～0.88）患甲状腺肿大风险较低.结论 浙江省6～7岁和8 ～10岁年龄组弥漫性甲状腺肿率较高.甲状腺肿大患病率受很多因素影响.
Objective To evaluate the status of diffuse goiter of population in Zhejiang Province and to analyze the relevant influencing factors. Methods A total of 18 188 subjects were recruited in the cross sectional survey, by multistage stratified cluster random sampling method. B ultrasound measurement were tan＇led among the subjects to detect the thyroid volume, and the basic information and life styles were interviewed by questionnaires. Tben, we analyzed the distribution and its influencing factors of diffuse goiter. Results The ratio of diffuse goiter among the surveyed population was 2. 2% （403/18 188 ） , the difference showed statistical significance （ X2 = 267. 11 , P 〈 0. 05）. The ratio among the group aged 6 - 7 years old and 8 - 10 years old was comparatively high, separately 10. 3% （27/262） and 9. 8% （51/519）. The ratio among women （2.9%, 305/10 470） was higher than it among men （1.3%, 97/7672） （X2 = 55.55, P 〈 0. 05 ） . The residents from inland areas had the highest prevalence （ 3.2% , 138/4374） , followed by residents from sub-coastal areas （ 2.0% , 131/6411 ） , coastal areas minimum （ 1.8% , 138/4374） （ X2 = 24. 31, P 〈 0. 05 ） . The content of water iodine and salt iodine among people with symptoms of goiter had statistical difference with it among ordinary population （ water iodine ： X2 = 4. 95, P = 0. 026 ; salt iodine ： X2 = 11.03, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The median （ quartile ） of water iodine in ordinat population was 2.41 （ 1.96 - 6. 15 ） p^g/L and among people with symptoms of goiter was 1.88 （ 1.49 - 5.15 ） p,g/L. The median（quartile） of salt iodine in ordinary population was 30. 18 （24. 69 -32. 65 ）mg/kg and among people with symptoms of goiter was 29.1 （ 24. 70 - 31.95 ） mg/kg. The influential factors of goiter were as follows ： the family income, the education degree, the job and profession status, the diet character, the habitual sea food consumption, the aleohol intake status （ X2 were separately 8.08, 37.85, 98.78, 68.69, 10. 91, 12. 21, 26. 94, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Multi-factor analysis showed the results as follows ： female （ OR = 0. 27 95% CI： 0. 18 - 0. 39） , school students （ OR = 8.05,95% CI： 3.87 - 16, 73 ） , vegetarian （ OR = 1.60,95% CI： 1.15 -2. 22） took a higher risk of getting pathogenic goiter; while the group of those who had university degree or above （ OR =0. 84, 95% CI： 0. 73 -0. 97）, ate sea food frequently （ OR =0. 62, 95% CI：0. 44 - 0. 88 ） took a lower risk. Conclusions The ratio of diffuse goiter in the group aged among 6 -7 years old and 8 - 10 years old was comparatively high. The ratio was influenced by many factors.
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第12期1122-1127,共6页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
浙江省计生委科研课题项目（JSW2013-B010）
关键词
碘
水碘
盐碘
弥漫性甲状腺肿大
Iodine
Water iodine
Salt iodine
Diffuse goiter
