摘要
目的通过对西藏藏东地区干眼症的临床发病情况的调查分析,探讨干眼症在这一区域的发病原因,诊断及治疗,为我国对高原地区干眼症的研究提供初步依据。方法收集平均海拔3500米左右的西藏昌都地区2011年1月至2012年12月间的604例病例,对其中116例干眼症患者病例进行临床调查和初步分析,研究西藏藏东地区干眼症的发病情况及病因。结果西藏高原地区干眼症已成为常见的、多发性疾病的一种,其发病原因具有高原特点。与内地调查结果比较,高原地区干眼症在任何年龄段都均可发病,且随着年龄的增加有上升趋势,男女患病率有显著差异,藏汉发病率无显著差异。西藏高原地区干眼症发病率明显偏高,且有患病率逐年上升并年轻化趋势。结论西藏高原地区干眼症患病率明显偏高与高原缺氧、气候干燥、紫外线照射强有直接关系,而在此恶劣环境下长时间近距离用眼,视屏终端的使用是加重这一地区干眼症发病的主要原因。加之办公环境空调的普及,本身眼表疾病存在,进一步诱发了干眼症发生。
Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence of dry eye in east Tibet area, and to discuss the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of dry eye this high altitude area. Methods The researches collected data on dry eye in East Tibet area, a plateau territory with average altitude of 3500 meters, from January 2011 to December 2012. Among these patients, we preliminarily investigated and analyzed 116 cases in order to study the characters of the incidence and etiology. Results Dry eye has become a common ocular disease in East Tibet area. High altitude plays a key role in the pathogenesis. Compared with the low altitude areas, the onset of plateau dry eye occurs in any age group, and the incidence increases with age. There was no significant difference in incidence between Han and Tibetan but in incidence between male and female. Plateau dry eye exhibited an increased incidence and prevalence by year and there is a tendency of a younger onset age. Conclusion Dry eye exhibits a significantly higher incidence in high altitude areas where climate is dry and ultraviolet radiation is strong. Prolonged use of vision in near distance and watching on display monitors in this harsh environment are the main reasons for increased incidence of dry eye in the area. In addition to the office environment, the popularity of air-conditioning and preexisting ocular surface diseases further increase the risk of dry eye.
出处
《临床眼科杂志》
2013年第6期549-551,共3页
Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology
