摘要
对国际上较知名的小麦生育期模型进行比较，为作物生育期模型的改进和完善提供参考。以CERES-Whem、APSIM-矾eat、WhetGrow中的生育期子模型为对象，从阶段划分、参数设置、模型算法和模拟效果等方面对其进行比较分析。结果表明：在阶段划分上，CERES．Whem和APSIM．Whe砒均以累积热时间为尺度；WhetGmw以生理发育时间为尺度，并提出以茎顶端发育为主线预测生育期。参数设置上，WhetGmw模型较CERES．Whem与APSIM．wheat模型增加了基本早熟性和温度敏感性参数。模型算法上，CERES-wheat和APSIM-Vir}leat均以折线型函数描述温度对发育速率的影响，WheatGrow则采用了正弦指数函数或余弦指数函数进行模拟；CERES-Whem和APSIM-Whem的春化效应因子是基于日平均温度的经验函数，而wheatGm、v是基于日平均温度的3段函数；3个模型对光周期效应的模拟均采用二次函数。利用不同生态点、播期、密度和高温处理的试验资料对上述3个模型模拟的小麦开花期和成熟期进行了检验，结果显示：在正常环境条件下3个模型模拟值和预测值之间的均方根误差（RMSE）为1～2d，但在生育后期极端高温条件下，3个模型对生育期的模拟效果均较差，RMSE为4～5d。3个模型在正常环境条件下对小麦生育期模拟均较为准确，其中CERES-矾eat模型对成熟期的预测效果最好，wheatGm、v模型对开花期的预测效果最好，但在极端高温下3个模型的模拟误差均较大，有待进一步改进和完善。
This paper compared several famous phasic development models in wheat to provide the reference for improving the performance of phasic development model. CERES-Wheat, APSIM-Wheat, and WheatGrow models were chosen to compare the differences in phase division, cuhivar parameter, model algorithm, and estimating performance. The results showed that the development stages were estimated with the accumulated thermal time in models of CERES-Wheat and APSIM-Wheat, while physiological development time was used in WheatGrow model. In addition, apical development was used to predict the phasic development in WheatGrow as well. Two more cultivar parameters, intrinsic earliness（IE） and＇ temperature sensitivity（ ts）, were used in WheatGrow model than in models of CERES-Wheat and APSIM-Wheat. Polygonal function was used to describe the effects of tem- perature on development rate in CERES-Wheat and APSIM-Wheat models. However, the sine-exponential and cosine-exponential functions were used in WheatGrow model. Vernalization effectiveness factor in CERES-Wheat and APSIM-Wheat models were calculated by empirical function based on the mean daily temperature, while in the WheatGrow model, calculated by piecewise function based on the mean daily temperature. The quadratic function was used to describe the photoperiod effectiveness in all models. In this paper, the observed data of field experiments under different sowing dates and planting densities at different eco-sites in Jiangsu Province and a pot experiment with different temperature treatments after flowering was used to test the performance of above three models. The results showed that the RMSE（ root mean square error）between simulated and observed growth durations was 1 to 2 days under normal temperature environment in field experiments. However, the simulation results showed a poor performance under extreme high-temperature after flowering for all three models, with RMSE of about 4 to 5 days. The best performances for maturity and anthesis estimation are CERES-Wheat and WheatGrow models, respectively. In addition, we must pay more attention to improving the estimating accuracy of wheat phasic development models under extreme high temperature after flowering.
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期6-14,共9页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31271616)
国家863计划项目(2013AA100404
2012AA101306)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD21B03)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
