摘要
目的了解广东省潮州市中心医院2012年临床分离菌株对常用抗菌药物的耐药性。方法采用WHONET5.6软件对2012年临床分离株进行药敏分析。结果 2012年该院住院患者标本中分离出细菌2 127株,其中革兰阳性菌686株,占32.3%,革兰阴性菌1 441株,占67.7%。大肠埃希菌、金葡菌、克雷伯菌属、流感嗜血杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎链球菌、不动杆菌属、卡他莫拉菌、肠球菌属和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS),分别占15.3%、13.2%、11.0%、10.0%、9.0%、7.0%、5.8%、4.1%、3.4%和2.7%。药敏试验结果显示,大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌属产ESBLs阳性率分别为50.3%(164/326)和31.6%(74/234),未发现耐碳青霉烯类抗生素的肠杆菌科细菌。不动杆菌属对碳青霉烯类抗生素耐药率为48.8%(60/123)。铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药率分别18.8%(36/192)和10.9%(21/192)。金葡菌和CNS中甲氧西林耐药株(MRSA和MRCNS)分别占64.0%(180/281)和72.4%(42/58)。青霉素耐药肺炎链球菌(PRSP)检出率为5.4%(8/148)。流感嗜血杆菌和卡他莫拉菌产β内酰胺酶阳性率分别为9.9%(21/212)和99.7%(85/87)。结论定期进行细菌耐药性监测有助于了解医院细菌耐药性的变迁,为临床经验用药提供依据,对加强抗菌药物合理应用的监督和管理起到积极的作用。
Objective To investigate the antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates in Chaozhou Central Hospital in 2012. Methods A retrospective study was carried out using WHONET 5.6 software to analyze antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates in the year 2012. Results Of the 2 127 clinical isolates, gram-negative bacteria and gram positive bacteria accounted for 67. 7% （ 1 441/2 127） and 32.3 % （686/2 127）, respectively. The top isolates were Escherichia coli （ 15.3 % ）, Staphylococcus aureus （13.2%）, Klebsiella spp. （11.0%）, Haemophilus influenzae （10.0%）, Pseudomonas aeruginosa （9.0%） , Streptococcus pneumoniae （7.0%）, Acinetobacter spp. （5.8%）, Branhamella catarrhalis （4.1%）, Enterococcus spp. （3.4%） and coagu- lase negative Staphylococcus （CNS, 2.7%）. Results of susceptibility testing showed that ESBLs were produced in 50.3% （164/326） of E. coli isolates and 31.6% （74/234） of Klebsiella isolates, respectively. No carbapenem-resistant Enterobacte-riaceae strains were identified. Carbapenem-resistant strains were found in 48. 8% （60/123） of the Acinetobacter isolates. About 18.8% （36/192） and 10.9% （21/192） of the P. aeruginosa strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem, respec-tively. Methieillin-resistant S. aureus strains accounted for 64.0% （180/281） of S. aureus. Methicillin-resistant CNS accoun-ted for 72.4% （42/58） of CNS isolates. The prevalence of penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae was 5.4% （8/148）. The preva-lence of 13-1actamases-producing strains was 9.9% （21/212） in H. influenzae and 97. 7 （85/87）% in B. catarrhalis isolates, respectively. Conclusions Surveillance of bacterial resistance is most important and valuable for understanding the changing resistant pattern in local hospital and rational selection of antimicrobial agents.
出处
《中国感染与化疗杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第1期22-28,共7页
Chinese Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
关键词
细菌耐药性监测
抗菌药物
药敏试验
耐药率
bacterial resistance surveillance
antimicrobial agent
bacterial susceptibility test
resistance rate
