摘要
目的掌握福州市乙肝发病特点、流行趋势,为制订预防控制策略和措施提供科学依据。方法对福州市2010—2012年的乙肝疫情资料进行流行病学分析。结果 2010—2012年福州市乙肝年均发病率为211.95/10万,年发病率分别为239.86/10万、203.52/10万、192.47/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=387.486,P<0.05)。病例呈散发状态,全年各月份均有病例发生,1—3月份为发病高峰。福州市区肝炎年平均报告发病率普遍高于其他县(市),存在地区分布不均衡的特征。职业分布主要集中在家务及待业和农民,男女发病率分别为285.42/10万和133.53/10万,差异有统计学意意义(χ2=1655.635,P<0.05),发病年龄组集中在20~50岁年龄组,其中以25~30岁年龄组发病率最高。结论近年来,福州市乙肝发病率有下降趋势,但仍处于较高水平,应在加强新生儿、适龄儿童乙肝疫苗接种工作的基础上,继续扩大疫苗免疫范围。应加强乙肝预防和疫苗接种宣传教育。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trend of hepatitis B in Fuzhou City so as to provide the evidence for formulating the preventive and control strategy and measures. Methods The epiderniological data of hepatitis B were collected and analyzed by using the descriptive epidemiological analysis method in Fuzhou City from 2010 to 2012. Results The average annual incidence of hepatitis B in Fuzhou City from 2010 to 2012 was 211.95/100 000, and the annual incidence was 239.86/10 100 000 in 2010, 203.52/100 000 in 2011, and 192.47/100 000 in 2012, respectively, and there was a significant difference among them （^（2 = 387. 486, P 〈 0.05）. The cases were distributed throughout the year; the incidence peak was from January to March. The average annual reported incidence of hepatitis in Fuzhou downtown was higher than that of other counties （cities）, and there were uneven distribution characteristics. The male and female incidence rates were 285. 42/100 000 and 133. 53/100 000, respectively, and the difference was significant （X2 = 1 655. 635, P 〈 0.05）. The incidence was concentrated in the 20-50 years age groups, among which the 25-30 years age group was the highest. Conclusions In recent years, the incidence of hepatitis B in Fuzhou City has a downward trend, but still on the high levels. We should strengthen the hepatitis B vaccination and health education.
出处
《中国校医》
2014年第1期34-35,37,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Doctor
关键词
肝炎
乙型流行病学
肝炎
乙型
预防和控制
Hepatitis B/epidemiology
Hepatitis, Hepatitis B/prevention and control
