摘要
为揭示山西葛萝械种群表型变异程度及变异规律，采用巢式方差分析、主成分分析、相关分析及聚类分析等方法，对天然分布的8个种群的叶片、果实、种子21个表型性状进行表型多样性分析。结果显示：（1）葛萝械表型性状在种群间和种群内存在着极其丰富的变异。种群间平均表型分化系数（矿st）为50．16％，与种群内变异（49．84％）相当；表型变异系数（C∽为19．16％，变化幅度7．89％～37．04％，种子性状较果实、叶片性状稳定；8个不同种群的Shannon—Wiener多样性指数为1．6923，表明葛萝械种群具有较高的表型多样性。（2）相关性分析表明，葛萝槭表型性状受地理生态因子的影响，种群内表型变异呈梯度性变化，随着经、纬度的增加，叶形逐渐由长卵形向宽卵形变异；随着海拔的升高，果实、种子逐渐减小。（3）利用种群间欧式距离进行系统聚类分析，可以将8个葛萝槭种群分为两大支，表型性状主要依地理距离而聚类。研究表明，葛萝槭种内存在丰富的变异，这与其生物学特性及分布生境密切相关。
By using nested analysis, principal component analysis, correlation analysis and cluster analysis, we studied the phenotypic diversity, phenotypic variation and the relationship between phenotypic variation and microenvironment of the 21 phenotypic traits in 8 populations of Acer grosseri in Shanxi. The results revealed that. （1）There were significant differences in genetic variation in all phenotypic traits among populations and within population. The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient （VsT）was 50. 16%, which was approximately equal to that within populations （49.84%）. Coefficient of variation （CV） of all traits was from 7.89% to 37.04%,with the average of 19.74%. The seed traits of A. grosseri were stable than fruit traits and leaf traits. Shannon-Wiener information index was 1. 692 3, which indicated that there was high phenotypic diversity in A. grosseri. （2）The correlation analysis showed that the phenotypic variation within populations appeared gradient regular changes, the shape of leaf blade from long ovate to broadly ovate shape,while fruits and seed got smaller with the rise of elevation. （3）The 8 populations of A. grosseri investigated could be divided into two groups according to the UPGMA cluster analysis, the phenotypic traits gather on the basis of geography distance. In summary, there is vast variation within the species of A. grosseri which was relevant to biological characteristics and distribution of the habitat.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第11期2232-2240,共9页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
山西省自然科学基金(2011011031-2)
山西省高校高新技术产业化项目(2011014)
关键词
葛萝槭
种群
表型多样性
生态因子
Acer grosseri
natural population
phenotypic diversity
ecological factors
