摘要
针对单条公交线路双向及单向客流分布的不均衡性,考虑我国大城市公交企业普遍依靠政府补贴,在实际运营中存在预算限制的情况,以社会总体效益最优为目标,建立了对区间车和双向全程车的发车频率及区间车折返位置同时进行优化的组合调度模型,探讨了预算限制对优化调度的影响,证明了预算限制相当于减少了乘客的时间价值,分析了预算限制下组合调度最优发车频率、折返点位置和系统成本的关系,并与单一调度进行对比。结果表明:在客流分布不均衡和预算限制的情况下,相比单一调度,组合调度能有效减少系统成本和乘客平均出行时间,节省运力,降低车辆拥挤,提高服务水平。在预算限制下,可以通过组合策略的实施,使出行乘客和运营企业都获益。
In order to solve the problem due to the unbalanced passenger demand, a single line transit mixed scheduling model for zonal vehicles is proposed. This model takes the factor into consideration that the bus companies generally rely on government subsidies and there exist financial constraints in big cities in China. With the target of maximizing the total social benefit, the model simultaneously optimizes the frequencies of zonal and full-length vehicles as well as turn-back point. The impact of financial constraints on transit optimization is explored, proving that financial constraints are equivalent to diminishing the value of passengers time. Furthermore, a numerical example is present, and the relations among frequency, turn-back point, and cost under financial constraints are analyzed. Compared with the optimized singleTline scheduling, the results indicate that mixed scheduling can save vehicles, the passenger travel time and the cost under unbalanced demand situation and financial constraints. The benefits for both operators and passengers can be obtained by reasonable allocation of vehicle operation form under financial constraints.
出处
《吉林大学学报（工学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期54-61,共8页
Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(61174188)
关键词
交通运输系统工程
组合调度
区间车
全程车
预算限制
时间价值
engineering of communications and transportation system
mixed scheduling
zonal vehicle
full-length vehicle
financial constraints
time value
