摘要
为了使辉钼精矿湿法冶金从业者对氧压煮法的认识更全面、更系统,从而促进氧压煮技术的发展,总结了国内外加压湿法冶金技术在辉钼精矿处理领域的研究进展,介绍了加压酸浸和加压碱浸技术从辉钼精矿中提取钼的物化原理、工艺流程和生产实践概况,指出了不同加压浸出工艺的优缺点。高温高压下酸浸辉钼精矿常以硝酸盐或硝酸作催化剂,具有反应速度快、投资效益大、钼转化率高等特点,但存在设备腐蚀严重、难以精确控制反应条件以及氮氧化物污染等问题;与加压酸浸相比,加压碱浸工艺具有金属回收率高、反应介质对设备腐蚀性小、反应温和、浸出液中杂质含量少等优势,然而,加压碱浸工艺存在氢氧化钠消耗量大、产生的大量硫酸钠较难处理等不足。通过对现有氧压浸出工艺的分析,指出了辉钼精矿加压湿法冶金技术发展需解决的问题和努力的方向。
Research progress of pressure hydrometallurgical technologies in treating molybdenite concentrate was summa- rized in order to make molybdenite conlentrate pressure hydrometallurqical professionals understanding oxygen pressure cooking method more comprehensive and system thereby promoting the development of oxy pressure cooking technology. The physical and chemical principles, process features and industrial application of acid leaching as well as alkaline leaching in extracting molybdenum from molybdenite concentrate were introduced. Both advantages and disadvantages of different pressure hydromet- allurgical technologies in treating molybdenite concentrate were stated. Pressure acid leaching technology, which usually em- ploys nitric acid as a catalyst, can realize oxidative decomposition of molybdenite concentrate at high temperature and high oxy- gen pressure; It has advantages of fast reaction rate, great investment benefit and high molybdenum conversion rate, but also suffers from serious equipment corrosion, uncontrollability of reaction parameters and nitrogen pollution etc. Compared with the pressure acid leaching technology, pressure alkaline leaching technology has advantages of higher metal recovery, less corro- sion, milder reaction condition, lower impurities in resultant solution etc.. However, there are some shortcomings in alkaline leaching, such as higher consumption of NaOH,large quantilies Na2SOa which was difficult to handle. Based on analysis of the present pressure leaching technologies, technical problems to be solved and new research directions were raised for further stud- y of pressure hydrometallurgy of molybdenite concentrate.
出处
《金属矿山》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第1期74-79,共6页
Metal Mine
基金
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2012BAB10B06)
关键词
辉钼精矿
加压湿法冶金
氧化
酸浸
碱浸
催化剂
Molybdenite concentrate, Pressure hydrometallurgy, Oxidation, Acid leaching, Alkaline leaching, Activator
