摘要
制度、家庭和经济是影响两性平等并使性别不平等持续存在的重要因素。由于社会分工和社会观念影响,女性在社会生产和家庭生活中的地位低于男性,导致了两性间的收入不平等,女性特别是农村女性晚年生活更易陷入贫困。在新城镇建设中,大城市郊区的就地城市化对传统农村家庭养老方式带来了重大冲击,社会保障成为这些地区农村老年人的主要收入来源。但调查显示,两性间的收入水平差异仍然存在,经济独立性差仍是女性农村老年人的主要社会经济特征,并且贫困女性老年人的保障状况依然令人担忧。在就地城市化进程中,必须加强养老政策体系的性别公平设计,提高社会保障制度对女性农村老年人收入的支持度,才能推进两性获得同等的养老权益。
Institution,Family and economic are the three key factors that have great impact on the gender inequality. Because of social divisions and social consciousness, women played a weak role both in the social production and daily life. Hence, it works on the gender inequality on the income. Present researches conclude that the income of female elderly is less than the male.The paper analysis the income gender inequality between the urbanized rural elderly and the traditional rural elderly on the basis of Tianjin rural elderly survey. The data shows that the income of female elderly in urbanized rural has been largely increased while gender inequality on the income still exists. Moreover, gender has great influence on the income of elderly in urbanized rural, and female elderly’s financial independence is weaker than the male’s. Hence, the urbanization system arrangement should consider the perspective of social gender to achieving equality on social endowment support.
出处
《未来与发展》
2014年第2期14-21,共8页
Future and Development
关键词
就地城市化
农村老年人
社会性别
制度
家庭
经济
rural urbanization
rural elderly
social gender
institution
family
economic
