摘要
通过对24名优秀射箭运动员倒立状态前、后脑电非线性参数进行分析,将倒立状态下运动员大脑功能及心理状态出现的各种变化进行对比研究,探讨从事专业训练的优秀射箭运动员中枢机能改善问题。当运动员进行5min倒立训练后,坐姿恢复双侧枕区的α频段导频百分比与倒立体位下有显著性差异;复杂度和近似熵两个脑电非线性参数以及6种全脑中枢神经递质与坐姿恢复状态的表现均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。8周倒立训练后运动员脑电复杂度、近似熵、抑制介质(INH)、5羟色氨(5-HT)、多巴胺(DA)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、兴奋介质(EXC)、SCL-90总分均与倒立训练前有显著变化(P<0.05)。研究表明:1)两种倒立时间的对比可以看出3min倒立训练的刺激效果并不明显,而在5min倒立训练中,坐姿初始状态与坐姿恢复状态的部分脑电非线性参数与全脑神经递质指标出现显著变化。2)倒立状态持续5min后,体位变化刺激使枕区的α频段导频百分比显著增高,脑电非线性参数与全脑中枢神经递质指标出现显著变化。这可以看做是由于体位和脑血流速度变化而产生的良性改变。3)8周的倒立训练可以使全脑神经递质中的5羟色氨、多巴胺显著增加,SCL-90总分显著降低。实验结果表明,对优秀射箭运动员进行定期、定量的倒立训练对缓解其负荷训练后产生的不良情绪、不适症状作用明显;同时,随着倒立训练时间的延长,对改善运动员睡眠的有利效应更为明显。
The research is aimed at discussing the recovery of athletes＇ central nerves in shoot- ing and archery events, which is based on the theories and methods on various changes of hu- man body in handstand position. 24 excellent archery athletes who are still in training are test- ed in the research. The following conclusions are drawn from the real time testing of EEG of 24 archery athletes in bandstand training with different durations ： there is a significant differ- ence of the percentage of PCF on a band in bilateral occipital region between the position of normal state and handstand after 5 rain handstand training. And two nonlinear parameters of EEG -the approximate entropy and Lempel-Ziv complexity, and six neurotransmitters of whole brain are also greatly different from the performance in the state recovered from the training （P~ 0.05）. The approximate entropy and Lempel-Ziv complexity of EEG, INH, 5-HT, DA, NE, EXC, total score of SCL-90 also changed significantly, compared to that of the archery athletes before the handstand training 8 weeks ago. The research indicates that 1 ） the stimula- tion of 3 min bandstand training is not obvious. While in the 5 min training, there is a striking change on part of Nonlinear Parameters of EEG and index of neurotransmitters of whole brain between the original state and recovery state from the training. 2） after 5 min handstand train- ing, because of different body positions, the percentage of PCF on a band at occipital increased dramatically, and the nonlinear parameters of EEG as well as the index of neurotransmitters of whole brain changed significantly, which could be treated as the positive changes caused by dif- ferent body positions and CBFV （cerebral blood flow velocity）. 3 ） eight-week-handstand train- ing could increase 5-HT and DA greatly, and decrease total score of SCL-90 remarkably in neurotransmitters of whole brain, which show that handstand training could ease the negative mood, relieve symptoms and improve sleeping quality. Those favorable effects will be more ob vious with extension of the handstand training time.
出处
《体育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第2期48-53,共6页
China Sport Science
基金
国家体育总局国家队科研综合攻关项目(2013A014)
