摘要
为了研究养猪舍不同发酵床垫料及发酵床底部表层土壤中重金属Zn的累积特征与活性大小,以节约经济成本和适宜猪生长发育为前提选取3种发酵床垫料组合:FJ(40%稻壳+60%菌糠)、FD(40%稻壳+60%锯木屑)、FW(40%稻壳+60%酒糟),采用物质流分析(MFA)和潜在生态危害评价的方法进行研究。结果表明,一个在养猪周期过后,重金属Zn在垫料FD中累积量较大;而不同垫料对Zn活性大小的影响不同,FD中有效态Zn活性显著高于其他2种,所占比例高达25.01%,其次是FJ>FW(P<0.05);表层土壤中,有效态Zn活性高低差异不显著(P>0.05)。所选取的3种垫料中,尽管Zn在FJ中累积量最小,渗漏到土壤中的全量Zn与有效态活性与其他2种垫料无明显差异,然而其潜在生态风险最小,因此从控制Zn污染角度出发,该配比垫料优于FD与FW。经过潜在生态危害评价分析,3种垫料在养殖结束后其潜在生态危害均未超过轻微生态危害临界值(Ei r≤40),在不断补充垫料的前提下发酵床可以使用约10年。
In order to study zinc accumulation and activity in different fermentation mattresses and topsoil, three combinations of fermentation beds were selected：40%rice husk＋60%mushroom bran（FJ）、40%rice husk＋60%sawdust（FD）、40%rice husk＋60%vinasse（FW）,to save economic costs and be suitable for pig growth. Two methods named material flow analysis（MFA）and potential ecological risk assess-ment were used in this study. The results showed that, after one breeding cycle, the combination of FD had stronger ability to absorb heavy mental Zn;different litters had different effects on the activity of available Zn, thus in the litter of FD, the Zn activity was significantly higher than the other two, the proportion as high as 25.01%, followed by the FJ＆gt;FW（P＆lt;0.05）. To the contrary, there were no significant impacts on available Zn activity（P＆gt;0.05）in different topsoil. In the selected three litters, the absorptive capacity for Zn of FJ was smallest;meanwhile, the total Zn leaked into topsoil and the effective activity of Zn had no significant differences from FD and FW. However, its potential ecologi-cal risk was minimization. For the reason to reduce Zn contamination, the litter of FJ was better than the other two. After analysis of ecological risk assessment, the potential ecological risk of these three litters didn’t exceed the minimal ecological risk threshold （Eir≤40）. The useful life of the fermentation bed should be about ten years in the premise of constantly replenished litter.
出处
《农业资源与环境学报》
CAS
2014年第1期50-55,共6页
Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment
基金
集约化农区种养结合生产技术集成与工程示范(201203050-2)
