期刊文献+

基于奶牛饲料氮和磷摄入量的粪尿氮和磷排出量估算 被引量:3

Estimation of Excretion of Nitrogen and Phosphorus With Manure From Dairy Cow Based on Ingestion of N and P With Feeds
下载PDF
导出
摘要 通过监测规模化奶牛场夏、冬两季奶牛氮、磷摄入量与排出量,分析两者之间的相关性,建立估算模型,以估算夏、冬两季奶牛场氮、磷排放量。结果表明,冬、夏两季每头成年奶牛每日粪、尿平均排出量分别为31.14和13.90 kg。泌乳牛夏、冬两季通过粪、尿排出的氮、磷总量分别为270.71和66.67 g·d-1,比干乳牛分别高16.4%和19.2%,比育成牛分别高150.7%和174.0%。不同生理阶段奶牛每日通过饲料摄入的氮、磷总量差异显著(P<0.05),从高到低依次为泌乳牛、干乳牛和育成牛。每日通过粪、尿排出的氮、磷总量差异也达显著水平(P<0.05),而且奶牛通过粪、尿排出的氮、磷占氮、磷摄入量的50%以上;夏、冬两季奶牛粪、尿、奶中氮、磷排出量与通过饲料摄入的氮、磷含量呈显著正相关关系,可利用拟合的回归方程建立基于奶牛饲料氮、磷摄入量的粪、尿中氮、磷排出量的估算模型,该模型可为奶牛场粪便管理及污染防治等工作提供参考。 Through monitoring of ingestion and excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus by dairy cows of an on-scale dairy farm in summer and winter, analysis was done of relationship between the ingestion and excretion and a model was estab- lished for estimation of discharge of N and P from the farm in summer and winter. Results show that in water and summer, averagely, an adult dairy cow excretes 31.14 and 13.90 kg· d-1 of feces per day, respectively, and a lactating cow ex- cretes 270.71 g·d-1 N and 66. 67 g·d-l P with feces and urine, 16. 4% and 19. 2% more than a dry cow does, and 150. 7% and 174.0% more than a heifer does, respectively. Daily ingestion of nitrogen and phosphorus with fodder of a dairy cow varies sharply from cow to cow different in physiological stage (P〈0. 05 ), displaying an order of lactating cow 〉 drying cow 〉 heifer. Daily excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus with feces and urine from a cow also varies sharply from cow to cow different in physiological stage (P〈0.05). The cows excrete with feces and urine more than 50% of the nitro- gen and phosphorus ingested. Positive relationship was found of N and P ingestions with fodder and N and P excretions with feces, urine and milk in summer and winter. A model can hence be built up by fitting with a regression equation for estimation of N and P excretions with feces and urine based on N and P ingestions with fodder. The model may provide ref- erences for feces management and pollution prevention in dairy farms.
出处 《生态与农村环境学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2014年第1期101-106,共6页 Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment
基金 国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD15B00) 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07101-004)
关键词 摄入量 排出量 奶牛 估算模型 nitrogen phosphorus ingested amount excreted amount dairy cow estimation model
  • 相关文献

参考文献12

二级参考文献171

共引文献1360

同被引文献30

  • 1李维炯,倪永珍,黄宏坤,王旭明,张保忠,牛新胜.微生态制剂在生态畜牧业中应用效果[J].中国农业大学学报,2003,8(z1):85-92. 被引量:68
  • 2彭里.畜禽粪便环境污染的产生及危害[J].家畜生态学报,2005,26(4):103-106. 被引量:46
  • 3WICKRAMARATNE N P,JARONIEC M.Activated carbon spheres for CO2adsorption[J].ACS Applied Materials&Interfaces,2013,5:1849-1855.
  • 4WANG H Y,LASHAKI M J,FAYAZ M,et al.Adsorption and desorption of mixtures of organic vapors on beaded activated carbon[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2012,46:8341-8350.
  • 5ALI GUNDOGDU,CELAL DURAN,H BASRI SENTURK,et al.Adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution on a low-cost activated carbon produced from tea industry waste:equilibrium,kinetic,and thermodynamic study[J].Journal of Chemical&Engineering Data,2012,57:2733-2743.
  • 6BHASKAR BHADURI,YOGENDRA NATH PRAJAPATI,ASHUTOSH SHARMA,et al.CuCl2nanoparticles dispersed in activated carbon fibers for the oxygen production step of the Cu-Cl thermochemical water splitting cycle[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,2012,51:15633-15641.
  • 7MIGUEL G S,FOWLER G D,SOLLARS G J,et al.A study of the characteristics of activated carbons produced by steam and carbon dioxide activation of waste tyre rubber[J].Carbon,2003,41:1009-1016.
  • 8PRADHAN B K,SANDLE N K.Effect of different oxidizing agent treatments on the surface properties of activated carbons[J].Carbon,1999,37:1323-1332.
  • 9PUZIY A M,PODDUBNAYA O I,MARTNEZ-ALONSO A,et al.Synthetic carbons activated with phosphoric acid II.Porous structure[J].Carbon,2002,40:1507-1519.
  • 10QIAO W M,KORAI Y,MOCHIDA I,et al.Preparation of an activated carbon artifact:oxidative modification of coconut shell-based carbon to improve the strength[J].Carbon,2002,40:351-358.

引证文献3

二级引证文献18

相关作者

内容加载中请稍等...

相关机构

内容加载中请稍等...

相关主题

内容加载中请稍等...

浏览历史

内容加载中请稍等...
;
使用帮助 返回顶部