摘要
在过去很长一段时间里重金属含量的高低一直都被看作是土壤污染程度的一个重要指标。当化学相的概念被引入到环境科学领域后 ,人们才逐渐地认识到重金属在环境中的行为和作用 ,如活动性、生物可利用性、毒性等 ,用这些金属在环境中的总量来预测和解释是不确切的。为此 ,许多化学和生物的方法被用来描述土壤与沉积物中重金属的活性。文章对近年来在该领域内的主要研究工作进行了总结 ,并对其未来可能的发展方向提出了自己的见解。
In the past long time, the total content of heavy metal in the soil was a very important parameter for evaluating the soil contaminating degree. But, after the concept of chemical bound of element was introduced into environmental science, people gradually understand that the behavior and the function of heavy metals, such as mobility, migration, bioavailability, toxicity and so on, can not be explained only by their total content in the soil. In this paper, five different methods employed for predicting the mobility of heavy metals in soil contaminated by mining activities, were analyzed and compared each other. Although experimental simulation and environmental geochemistry methods got quite great progress during last two decades, lots of work still need to be done. It is still a problem to use the result obtained by the chemical extraction to speculate the mobility of heavy metals in the natural process, because of the extractant's choice, re precipitation, transformation of chemical bound and so on. Different from any other methods, bio indicator is a direct method. Now the problem is how to find some plants which have the properity to be as an indirector. In the last, some important research fields were recommended.
出处
《地球科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
2001年第1期86-92,共7页
Advances in Earth Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目!"采煤矿区表层土壤中重金属生物可利用性研究"(编号 :498730 33)资助
关键词
采矿区
污染土壤
重金属环境效应
重金属生物可利用性
Mining area
Contaminated soil
Environmental effect of heavy metals
Bioavailability of heavy metals
