摘要
浆糊是书画装裱过程中主要的黏合材料,是装裱优劣和成败的关键,浆糊的制作条件决定其使用品质。为此,本工作以书画装裱用的粘接剂小麦淀粉为原料,采用快速粘度分析仪(RVA)制作糊化淀粉,研究了不同浓度、搅拌速率、搅拌时间和最高温度等制作条件对糊化曲线的影响。结果表明随着浓度的增加,衰减值和回生值分别增大,说明浆糊的稳定性差、冷却后凝胶性强。随着搅拌时间和速率的增加,最终粘度下降。最高温度对糊化特性曲线形状有影响,最高温度越高,糊化温度升高,最终粘度增大。利用物性仪测试了不同陈化时间对成糊淀粉粘接力的影响。陈化时间越长,糊化淀粉发生大分子链降解或重结晶等不同程度的老化,表现为剥离强度减小,粘附性下降。由实验结果确定浆糊的最优制作条件是浓度3g/25mL,温度95℃,搅拌时间2min,搅拌速度120r/min。以上工作在验证传统经验的同时也给书画装裱提供了理论依据。
In China, paste is the main adhesive material used during the process of painting and calligraphy mount- ing, and is key to determining the quality of mounting and a deciding factor for the success or failure of the whole process. Paste production conditions determine its serviceability. In this study wheat starch was used as the adhe- sive material, a rapid viscosity analyzer （RVA） was used to analyze the adhesive gelatinization curves obtained for pastes made under various conditions of concentration, stirring speed, stirring time and temperature. The results show that as the concentration increases, both the attenuation and retrogradation values increase, indicating poor stability of the paste and strong adhesive power after cooling. As the stirring time and frequency increases, the final viscosity decreases. The highest heating temperature has an effect on the adhesive gelatinization curve： the higher the heating temperature, the higher the gelatinization temperature and the higher the final viscosity. Physical prop- erty test instrument was used to test the influence of different aging times on the viscosity of starch paste. It was found that the longer time the gelatinized starch was kept, the more its macromolecular chains degraded or recrystal- lized and, as a result, the performance of the peel strength decreased, and adhesiveness also declined. Based on this study, it was found that the best conditions for preparing the paste are： paste concentration, 3 g/25 mL; heat- ing temperature, 95°C ; stirring time, 2 minutes; and stirring rate, 12 revolutions/min. This study confirms tradi- tional paste preparation techniques and provides a scientific basis for it.
出处
《文物保护与考古科学》
北大核心
2014年第1期81-87,共7页
Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology
基金
国家文物局课题资助(2013-YB-HF036)
北京市科学技术委员会项目资助(Z121100000312025)
关键词
装裱
糊化淀粉
粘度
剥离强度
Mounting
Gelatinized starch
Viscosity
Peeling strength
