摘要
背景:人的运动能力具有很高的遗传度,随着分子生物学技术和检测方法的发展,体育科研工作者越来越关心基因的变化对优秀运动员运动能力的影响,也逐渐认识到通过基因来预测杰出运动能力的重要价值。目的:对当前基因多态性与杰出运动能力关联研究领域的研究发现和成果进行全面的综述,并对这些研究的共性问题进行阐述,给出今后发展的可能建议。方法:计算机检索PubMed数据库以及中国期刊网全文数据库1998至2013年期间有关杰出运动能力与基因多态性方面的文章。分别以"Elite athlete performance"、"Gene polymorphism"、"Endurance"、"Power"、"Training response"为关键词进行检索,最初检索到150篇中英文文献,最后根据内容纳入80篇文献。结果与结论:当前研究杰出运动能力与基因多态性主要集中在杰出耐力素质、杰出爆发力素质和运动训练敏感性3个方面与基因多态性的关联上。杰出耐力素质相关基因主要有ACE、线粒体DNA、PPAR、ADR、GNB3、NRF2等基因;杰出爆发力素质相关基因主要有ACTN3、ACE、GDF-8、IL-6、HIF-1等基因;与运动训练敏感性相关的基因主要有HBB、TFAM、NRF2、AR、FECH等基因。近年来杰出运动能力相关基因多态性的研究大量出现,但仍存在着一些不足,如样本量较小、研究对象涉及人种较为单一等。将众多研究得到的理论成果可以通过建立某些算法和模型应用到运动员基因选材中。
BACKGROUND：Human has a high level heritability in physical performance. With the development of technology and test method in molecular biology, the researchers of sport science are concerned with the influence of gene variation on the elite athlete performance. They begin to know the important value of gene on predicting the physical performance. OBJECTIVE：To review the research results in the field of gene polymorphisms and elite athlete performance and to expatiate the problems in these researches, thereby offering some proposals. METHODS：A computer-based online research of PubMed and CNKI databases was performed to col ect articles published from 1998 to 2013 with the key words“elite athlete performance, gene polymorphisms, endurance, power, training response”in Chinese and English. There were 150 articles after the initial survey. A total of 80 articles were included according inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：The researches of this field are mainly focused on the three aspects：elite＆nbsp;endurance performance, elite power performance, and training response, which are associated with gene polymorphisms. The main genes related to elite endurance performance are ACE, mtDNA, PPAR, ADR, GNB3, NRF2, etc. The main genes related to elite power performance are ACTN3, ACE, GDF-8, IL-6, HIF-1, etc. The main genes related to training response are HBB, TFAM, NRF2, AR, FECH, etc. Several gaps in the current researches have been identified including smal sample size of most athletic cohorts, lack of corroboration with replication cohorts of different ethnic backgrounds. The numerous research findings can be applied to the gene selection of athletes by creating some kinds of algorithms and models.
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
CSCD
2014年第7期1121-1128,共8页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
基金
上海体育学院研究生教育创新基金资助项目(xsxr2013028)~~
