摘要
目的 探讨近3年新乡医学院第一附属医院非发酵菌分离率和非发酵菌对常用10余种抗生素的耐药性,为临床合理用药以及防止非发酵菌进一步成为致病菌提供依据.方法 用WHONET 5.5软件,对新乡医学院第一附属医院近3年不同非发酵菌的分离率在前9位（铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、嗜麦芽假单胞菌、洛非不动杆菌、斯氏假单胞菌、无色杆菌、短稳杆菌、洋葱博克霍尔德菌、脑膜败血伊丽莎白金菌）菌株的耐药情况和分离率进行分析.结果 2010年至2012年非发酵菌在临床上分离出致病菌当中所占的比例连年上升,从18.2％到27.2％直至31.2％;分离出多重高耐药率的鲍曼不动杆菌占非发酵菌的比例从7.1％到18.5％直至28.7％;分离出的其他多重高耐药率的非发酵菌如木糖氧化无色杆菌和嗜麦芽假单胞菌在非发酵菌中的比例和/或排位也逐年上升,特别是嗜麦芽假单胞菌分离率已排在非发酵菌的第3位,并且对绝大多数常用的抗生素多重耐药;低耐药率的非发酵菌分离率连续下降;耐药性方面,鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性已全面超过铜绿假单胞菌,并且鲍曼不动杆菌对临床上经常使用的10余种抗生素耐药率绝大部分在50.0％以上;无色杆菌和嗜麦芽假单胞以及短稳杆菌对临床上经常使用的10余种抗生素耐药率绝大部分在50.0％以上,特别是嗜麦芽假单胞菌对临床上经常使用的10余种抗生素的耐药率绝大部分在90.0％以上.结论 非发酵菌在临床致病菌当中的分离率越来越高,耐药性也越来越严重,应控制和预防这种趋势的蔓延,防止更严重的后果出现.
Objective To study the non-fermenter isolation rate and its drug resistance to more than 10 kinds of antibiotics at the First Affiliated Hospital to Xinxiang Medical University from the year of 2010 to 2012 in order to offer evidences for reasonable use of drugs by doctors and to prevent nonfermenters from becoming common pathogenic bacteria.Methods The infection and drug resistance of different Nonfermenters （Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomon as mahophilia,Los non Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas stutzeri,Achromobacter,Bacillus steady short,onions Bock cepacia,meningitis septicemia Elizabeth Kim bacteria）during present 3 years were analyzed by using WHONET 5.5 software.Results The infection rate from non-fermenters as pathogenic bacteria was gradually increased,with the rate from 18.2％ to 27.2％,until 31.2％ ; Acinetobacter Baumannii were isolated as higher infection rate and multiple drug resistance （7.1％ to 18.5％ until 28.7％） in pathogenic bacteria; the infection rate of other non-fermenter with infection rate of high and multiple drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria were gradually increased,such as infection rate or the precedence of Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Pseudomonas maltophilia,especially the precedence of Pseudomonas maltophilia ranged the third in non-fermenters,and Pseudomonas maltophiliai had a higher and multiple drug resistance to many antibiotics; infection rate of non-fermenters with low drug resistance gradually decreased,such as Pseudomonas fluorescens; the drug resistance rate of Acinetobacter Baumannii was higher than that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its drug resistance rate was over 50％ to common antibiotics used clinically,as well as Pseudomonas maltophiliai and Empedobacter brevis,especially the resistance rate of Pseudomonas maltophiliai to many commonly used antibiotics was more than 90.0％.Conclusions Non-fermenter isolation rate is becoming higher clinically and its drug resistance becomes more severe,so the sanitation administration department should pay more attention to the use of antibiotics in order to prevent and control drug resistance and higher infection rate caused by non-fermenters as a serious consequence.
出处
《中华实用儿科临床杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第4期295-298,共4页
Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
关键词
非发酵菌
耐药率
分离率
抗生素
Non-fermenter
Drug resistance
Infection frequence
Antibiotics
