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线粒体病的分子诊断 被引量:3

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摘要 线粒体病是因遗传缺陷引起线粒体氧化磷酸化功能障碍、ATP合成不足,而引起的一组可累及多系统受累的疾病,主要损害脑、骨骼肌、心脏、胰腺等高能量消耗的组织或器官。线粒体病具有高度的临床异质性,临床上常按受累组织和器官的不同组合,将线粒体病分为不同的亚型:线粒体脑肌病伴高乳酸血症及卒中样发作(mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke -like episodes, MELAS)、肌阵挛性癫痫伴破碎红纤维(myoclonus epilepsy with ragged-red fibers, MERRF )、亚急性坏死性脑脊髓病(Leigh 综合征)、KSS 综合征(Kearns-Sayre syndrome)、慢性进行性眼外肌瘫痪(chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, CPEO )和Leber 遗传性视神经病(Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy, LHON)等。有时两种综合征可能在同一患者身上叠加出现,如MELAS 叠加MERRF 综合征。线粒体基因(mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA)或核基因(nuclear DNA, nDNA)突变均可以导致线粒体病,因为这两个基因组的编码蛋白共同参与线粒体氧化磷酸化系统的构建。所以线粒体病的遗传方式可以呈常染色体显性、常染色体隐性、X连锁以及线粒体遗传等[1]。
作者 王朝霞
出处 《北京医学》 CAS 2014年第4期247-249,共3页 Beijing Medical Journal
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共引文献35

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