摘要
目的 探讨单胺氧化酶A串联重复序列（monoamine oxidase A variable number of tandem repeats）基因多态性及儿童期虐待对中国青少年攻击行为影响.方法 采用整群随机抽样法抽取某中学637名年龄13～18岁汉族青少年样本（男388名,女249名）,采用儿童创伤经历问卷评定儿童期虐待,采用儿童行为量表评定攻击行为,并从研究对象外周静脉血提取DNA进行MAOA-VNTR基因分型,采用直线回归方法检验儿童期虐待和MAOA-VNTR基因多态性各自对攻击行为的主效应及两者间的交互作用.结果 共有513名（男367名,女146名）进入研究,男性攻击行为平均得分（10.13±6.67）分,女性攻击行为平均得分（9.18 ±6.36）分,不同性别间攻击行为差异无统计学意义（P=0.08）.367名男性青少年被试中,MAOA低、高活性组分别为58.3％与41.7％,且不同组间攻击行为得分差异无统计学意义（P=0.93）.回归模型显示MAOA基因型对男性青少年攻击行为无预测作用,儿童期虐待经历对攻击行为有显著预测作用（P＜0.01）,且MAOA基因型与不同类型童年虐待对攻击行为存在显著交互作用（MAOA×虐待总分：P ＜0.01;MAOA×躯体虐待：P=0.02;MAOA×情感虐待：P ＜0.01;MAOA×性虐待：P =0.04）,MAOA低活性男性在经历儿童期躯体虐待和情感虐待后更易出现攻击倾向;146名女性青少年被试中,MAOA低活性、高活性及杂合子组分别占39.4％、22.5％和38.1％,MAOA不同基因型之间攻击行为得分差异无统计学意义（P=0.69）.回归模型显示MAOA基因型对女性青少年攻击行为无预测作用,但儿童期虐待经历对其有显著预测作用（P＜0.01）,且MAOA与性虐待及MAOA与情感虐待对攻击行为分别存在交互作用（P值分别为0.03和0.04）,MAOA低活性女性在受到儿童期性虐待/情感虐待后更易出现攻击倾向.结论 我国13 ～18岁青少年攻击行为受到儿童期虐待经历与MAOA-VNTR基因-环境间交互作用的影响,且不同性别青少年对不同虐待类型存在敏感性差异.
Objective The association of MAOA-VNTR monoamine oxidase A variable number of tandem repeats genotype and child abuse on aggressive behavior among Chinese Han adolescents were examined. Methods A group of 513 （ M ：367, F ： 146 ） 13-18 years old Chinese adolescents were selected randomly, and the effects of child maltreatment [ measured using the child trauma questionnaire （ CTQ ） 1 and aggressive behavior during adolescents＇ period [ assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist for Youth Self- Report （YSR） ] were examined respectively. DNA were collected and MAOA-VNTR genotype were assessed via venous blood sample. Both the main effects of MAOA genotype, children＇s maltreatment experience and the interaction between them were analyzed by a linear regression analysis. Results In all, 513 middle school students （367 boys, 146 girls） were analyzed in the study. The mean aggression scores were （10. 13 ±6. 67） and （9. 18 ± 6.36） for boys and girls. The low and high activity of MAOA-VNTR genotype accounts for 58.3% and 41.7% for boys, and 39. 4% and 22. 5% for girls respectively. The GLM model showed that there were no direct association between the MAOA genotypes with aggression scores, while a significant association between children＇s maltreatment experience with aggressive behavior in adolescents＇ period were found for both boys and girls （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Some significant interactions between MAOA genotype with subtypes of maltreatment were uncovered （ boys ： P = 0. 02, P 〈 0. 01 and P = 0. 04 for MAOA with physical abuse, emotional abuse and sexual abuse; girls： P = 0. 03 and P = 0. 04 for MAOA with sexual and emotional abuse）. For adolescents with the low activity of MAOA-VNTR were more prone to commit aggressive behavior when suffered children＇s abuse for both gender. Conclusions Aggressive behaviors among Chinese adolescents may be affected by a gene-enviornment interaction involving MAOA-VNTR and children＇s abuse experience which may be differentially sensitive to the subtype of childhood maltreatment and ~ender.
出处
《中华精神科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第2期84-89,共6页
Chinese Journal of Psychiatry
基金
国家科技支撑计划课题（2009BAI77B02）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（31920130038）
关键词
单胺氧化酶
多态性
单核苷酸
虐待儿童
攻击
Monoamine oxidase
Polymorphism single nucleotide
Child abuse
Aggression
