摘要
【目的】准确鉴定水稻材料的籼粳属性及利用遗传距离预测杂种优势,为开展水稻超高产育种和籼粳亚种间杂种优势利用提供基础。【方法】利用19对籼粳稻特异插入/缺失(Ins6rtion/Deletion,InDe1)引物,对12个浙优系列杂交稻及其双亲的籼粳属性进行了InDe1分子标记鉴定,根据被检测水稻样品在多个InDe1位点上的籼型或粳型基因频率,参考卢宝荣的方法,将供试样品分别判定为"籼稻"、"偏籼"、"中间偏籼"、"中间偏粳"、"偏粳"和"粳稻"。采用Nei的方法求算1 3个亲本间(1个不育系和12个恢复系)的InDe1遗传距离,用UPGMA法进行遗传相似性聚类,用SPSS 17.0统计分析软件对InDe1条带赋值进行主成分分析,依据第一和第二主成分的特征向量的平均分量值作平面散点图。统计杂种F_1稻谷产量、每穗总粒数、每穴有效穗、结实率、千粒重及单穗重各产量性状的对照优势,以此分析InDe1遗传距离与杂种优势的相关性。【结果】(1)参试材料籼粳属性的判别:不育系浙04A被鉴定为"粳稻",8个恢复系被判定为"籼稻"或"偏籼",由其所配组的8个杂交组合被判定在"中间偏籼"到"偏粳"之间,证实了这8个组合为典型的籼粳交组合;另外4份恢复系被判定为"偏粳",所配组的4个杂交组合被判定为"粳稻"。(2)参试材料的聚类分析:当GS为0.350时,35份试验材料被分为"粳稻"和"籼稻"2个主群,GS为0.638时,粳稻主群又被划分为"粳稻/偏粳"和"中间偏粳"2个亚群。其中,粳稻/偏粳亚群包括不育系浙04A、4个粳粳交恢复系及粳粳交杂种F_1、3个粳稻对照种和粳稻秀水09;中间偏粳亚群包括8个籼粳交杂种F_1。籼稻主群则包括8个籼粳交组合的恢复系、3个籼稻对照种和籼杂组合汕优6 3。(3)InDe1遗传距离与杂种优势的相关性:在以粳粳交、籼粳交组合整体作为分析对象时,InDe1遗传距离与稻谷产量、每穗总粒数、单穗重呈极显著正相关,与结实率呈显著负相关;仅以籼粳交组合为研究对象时,InDe1遗传距离仅与单穗重和千粒重呈显著正相关。【结论】供试的12个浙优系列中的8个组合被证实为典型的粳不/籼恢型籼粳交组合,这些组合的双亲间具有较远的遗传距离;InDe1遗传距离在不同类型品种间具有较好的杂种优势预测能力,可用于单穗重的优势预测,即随着InDe1遗传距离的扩大,杂种优势主要体现在单穗重的增加上。
[ Objective ] It is of great significance to identify indica or japonica accurately and predict the heterosis by genetic distance for super high-yielding rice breeding and exploring the indica-japonica inter-subspecies heterosis of rice. [ Method ] The indica-japonica attribute of twelve Zheyou hybrid rice lines and their parents were identified by 19 pairs of InDel molecular markers designed on the basis of the comparative genomic DNA sequences between indica variety 9311 and japonica variety Nipponbare. According to the gene frequency of indica/japonica genomics detected by InDel molecular markers, a method was set up modified upon Lu＇s report, and all the tested materials were judged for their different attributes, i.e indica, indica-eline, intermediate indica dine,intermediate japonica-cline,japonica-cline and japonica six types. Genetic distances among 13 rice parents （one sterile line and 12 restorer lines） were assessed by InDel molecular markers and calculated by using Nei＇s way. The genetic similarity （GS） was reckoned by using UPGMA method to analyze the cluster of genetic similarity. Principal component analyses （PCA） were conducted using SPSS 17.0 statistical analysis sottware to InDel band assignments. Then, on the basis of the average values of the eigenvectors of the first and second principal components, a scatterplot was created. The control heterosis of six traits, grain yield, effective panicles per hole, spikelet number per panicle, seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight and grain weight per panicle in hybrid Fl were investigated. Furthermore, the correlations between InDel genetic distance and heterosis related to yield traits were analyzed, and possible relation to the performance of Zheyou hybrid rice lines were discussed. [Result] The indica-japonica attributes of the tested materials were identified and the results showed that the sterile line Zhe 04A is identified into japonica type. Eight restoring lines were thought of belonging to indica or indica-cline type, and eight combinations derived from them were judged into a range from intermediate indica-cline tojaponica-cline type, it was also verified that these eight combinations were typical indica-japonica combinations. Another four restoring lines were divided into the type ofjaponica-cline, the four combinations from these lines were judged into japonica type. The cluster analyses were indicated that thirty-five materials could be divided into two major groups, indica group, and japonica group, at 0.350 score of GS. At 0.638 score of GS, the japonica group was divided into two sub-groups, intermediate japonica-cline and japonica/japonica-cline group. Zhe 04A and four japonicaxjaponica hybrids and their restoring lines fall into the latter group. Meanwhile, the indica group had eight indica type restoring lines of indicaxjaponica hybrids, three indica control and indica hybrid rice Shanyou 63. When all the twelve combinations were analyzed as a whole, the correlations between the InDel genetic distance and economic yield, number of grains per panicle, grain weight per panicle were significantly positively, but the InDel genetic distance was significantly negatively correlated to seed-setting rate. However, when the eight indica-japonica hybrids were tested only, the InDel genetic distance was only significantly positively correlated with grain weight per panicle and 1000-grain weight. [ Conclusion] Eight combinations from twelve tested Zheyou series combinations were verified attributing to the typical hybrids of japonica sterile linexindica restoring line. Genetic distance tested by InDel molecular marker had higher ability to predict heterosis among different breeding types of hybrids rice, especially for the heterosis of grain weight per panicle. With the increase of InDel genetic distance, the heterosis of tested combinations would be mainly expressed in enhancement of grain weight per panicle.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第7期1243-1255,共13页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家"863"计划(2010AA101302)
国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2011BAD35B02)
浙江省重大专项(8812计划)(2012C12901-12)
关键词
水稻
INDEL
分子标记
杂种优势
籼粳交
Oryza sativa L.
InDel
molecular marker
heterosis
indica-japonica hybrids
